Conventional film radiography, CT scan, digital radiograph etc. are different imaging modalities which support diagnosis of dental diseases. Amongst all latest advancements digital radiography is more comfortable technique in terms of its interpretation. Image enhancement technique is a right tool to improve constraints in the detection and interpretation of the radiographic structures of disease. The objective of the paper is to explore various image processing techniques developed by researchers to enhance the digital radiographs for diagnostic accuracy in assessment of various problems in dental care.
Different imaging modalities like MRI, CT scan, digital radiograph, Ortho pantomograph etc. are available to support medical and dental diagnoses. Medical images collected by these modalities advance research in bioinformatics and help to manage biological data for improved diagnoses.
[...] The first step corrected the exponential attenuation and the second corrected for the response of the human visual system using a power function Feature Extraction using content based management: Content-based access (CBA) to image or content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a separate upcoming branch in image data processing and management which maintains a repository of extracted features from an image. Global image features are extracted and a small set of feature numbers (vector) are used to describe the entire image rather than particular image regions. [...]
[...] In contrast to this, digital radiograph allows visualizing only the area of interest with much better clarity and the added advantage of zooming. Pathological conditions like cyst or tumor, routine checkup or overall evaluation are all special cases. When patient is examined, some clinical findings indicate that there is a need for radiographic examination. Radiographs are prescribed by dental surgeon to gather useful information which will influence the plan of treatment. Clinical information is used to select the type of radiograph and later to aid in their interpretation Fig. [...]
[...] The level of bone loss can be visualized in a better manner in digital radiograph. When the treatment is complete in gum diseases or cyst trouble, patient is recalled at periodic intervals for assessment of bone healing. Digital radiographs taken at such periodic intervals helps the surgeons to assist the effectiveness of the treatment rendered to the patient. Digital radiograph definitely gives good view of bone healing. Various image comparison algorithms could be considered as an area of interest for researchers. [...]
[...] G Li, GCH Sanderink, U Welander, WD McDavid and K Nasstrom, “Evaluation of endodontic files in digital radiographs before and after employing three image processing algorithms” Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2004) 33, pp. 6–11. G Li, PE Engstro¨m, K Nasstro¨m1, ZY , G Sanderink and U Welander “Marginal bone levels measured in film and digital radiographs corrected for attenuation and visual response: an in vivo study” Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (2007) 36, pp. 7–11. MK Shrout, CM Russell, BJ Potter, BJ Powell and CF Hildebolt "Digital enhancement of radiographs: can itimprove caries diagnosis?”, J Am Dent Assoc 1996;127; pp. [...]
[...] Thus the biggest advantage of less exposure needed for digital radiography is more for doctors and personnel working in the clinic. Digital image data storing and communication is easier with digital networking. Storage and maintenance of digital radiograph, as history of a patient, are better as films may change color after few years. Films require more storage space. Digital radiograph is useful as a proof in medico-legal matter. I. INTRODUCTION Different imaging modalities like MRI, CT scan, digital radiograph, Ortho pantomograph etc. [...]
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