Theory of everything
Thesis - 4 pages - Physics
This is a theory that represents the ultimate goal of science. It seeks to discover what the basic components of the material world are and what equations can be used to describe their movements. In refers to the discipline of physics and it is a theory that brings together the four fundamental...
A report on activities on and around OFDM
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
Multi-carrier communications are currently in a state of very rapid development, both in the introduction of new techniques and in its application to a wide variety of channels and services. Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a bandwidth-efficient signaling scheme for wideband...
National conference on power electronics and power systems 2008: Simulation of transient for power transmission lines
Thesis - 6 pages - Physics
Switching operations, faults, lightning surges, and other intended or unintended disturbances cause temporary high voltages and currents in power transmission lines. The system must withstand this high voltage with a certain probability or its effects must be reduced and limited with protective...
Study of the incompressible fluid-flow past a square cylinder in a viscous medium
Thesis - 3 pages - Physics
The present study makes an effort to find out the location of the drag, stream lines and contours of static pressure in the flow field passing through the square cylinder in incompressible viscous media. For this work, different values of Reynolds Numbers have been chosen. The distance of both...
Experimental methods of hydrogen testing to prevent Hydrogen Assisted Cracking (HAC) during the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
One of the main problems associated with the welding of ferritic steels is that of hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC), popularly known as cold cracking or delayed cracking. As the name suggests, it is caused by hydrogen present in the weld metal. One of the methods to mitigate this type of cracking...
Performance evaluation of diesel engines using blends of diehtyl ether and diesel and diethyl ether and bio diesel
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
Producing and using renewable fuels for transportation is one approach for sustainable energy future for the world. With ever growing concerns on environmental pollution, energy security, and future oil supplies, the global community is seeking non petroleum based alternative fuels, along with...
Analytical design of tonnage plant for the separation of high purity Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon from atmospheric air
Thesis - 4 pages - Physics
Air is a mixture of various gases like as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, hydrogen, helium, neon, krypton, etc. These gases can be separated at cryogenics temperature by liquefying the components at different temperature & pressure. This paper presents the latest technology in bulk production of high...
Power quality issues and mitigation of voltage dips using power conditioning equipment
Thesis - 8 pages - Physics
Most of the industrial loads are mainly controlled by power semiconductor devices. These devices make such loads more sensitive against power system disturbances. Thus, the power quality problems have gained more interest recently. This paper presents a review of some of the disturbances on the...
An overview of esoteric pollution EMI-EMC
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
Water , air and Sound pollution is well within the human perception but esoteric pollution of frequency spectrum called Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) has to address in today's world of computerization where the emphasize is on high band width / high speed along with miniaturization of...
Product design and development of a 10kW Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade
Thesis - 8 pages - Physics
Wind power generation techniques are being promoted all over the world as a beneficial alternative among other renewable sources (Li, Chen 71). A wind turbine is defined as a rotating machine that is used to generate power by means of converting kinetic energy to mechanical energy. Kinetic energy...
Phthalic anhydride
Thesis - 30 pages - Physics
Phthalic Anhydride is an important aromatic di-carboxylic acid anhydride. It is an ortho-derivative of phthalic acid. The raw materials are air and o-xylene. The o-xylene feed, which may be considered pure and at 0.75 atm, is pumped to 3 atm and then vaporized in a fired heater. Air, which may be...
Evaluation and application of vat dye on cotton fabrics using hydros with glucose or sucrose as a reducing agent
Thesis - 13 pages - Physics
Although the synthetic fibers have dominated the textile market, consumer has still preference towards cotton. Today cotton can be manufactured but the natural merits obtained in cotton cultivated in different areas of the country cannot be underestimated. A number of research studies are...
Dyeing with sulfur dyes
Thesis - 10 pages - Physics
Sulfur dyes are mainly used for dyeing cellulosic fibers for corduroy articles, work wears and men's outer wear (woven and knitted goods) and lcisurewcar. Polyester/cotton blend fabric is another important area of application of sulfur dyes. Silk, paper and leather are also dyed to a limited...
Prediction of annual down flow layer thickness in circulating fluidized beds
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
he solids distribution in circulating fluidized beds (CFB) has been extensively studied because of its importance in design of CFB boilers and reactors. In circulating fluidized bed, normally, the upper region consists of a dilute core surrounded by a relatively dense annulus, with solids down...
Axial hydrodynamics
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
Many studies have appeared in the literature dealing axial solids distribution along CFB risers (e.g. Yerushalmi et al, 1976: Kwauk et al, 1986: Arena et al 1991, Bai et al 1992). It is most often represented as either a plot of the radially averaged solids suspension density or voidage versus...
Concentration/evaporation of the juices
Thesis - 10 pages - Physics
The fruit juice processing industry is one of the world's major agro-based businesses. Orange juice dominates in juice trade worldwide. Juice is a liquid that is naturally contained in vegetable or fruit tissue. Juice may be supplied in concentrate form. Generally, concentrates have a noticeably...
Determination of Avogadro's number by spreading a monolayer of stearic acid on a known surface area
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. Avogadro's constant(?)is the number of molecules in one mole of any substance, and it is known to be 6.02 x 1023. This laboratory exercise attempts to experimentally...
Using UV-vis spectroscopy to determine the kinetics of bromophenol blue
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
The purpose of this lab is to determine the rate constant and order of reaction for an acid-base indicator, bromophenol blue. Bromophenol blue (BP) displays a color change from yellow to purple in the pH range of 3 to 4.5. In strong alkaline solutions, the dye becomes unstable and decomposes due...
VSAT: Satellite communications
Thesis - 29 pages - Physics
This report provides a review and assessment of satellite technologies for providing broadband data communications using Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) network systems. In this context, “broadband” means that the application requires a data transfer rate greater than 100 kbps and...
Slurry transport
Thesis - 8 pages - Physics
In Slurry Transport, the solids are first ground to fine grain size and made into slurry with a liquid medium. The slurry is then pumped through the pipes to a desired destination. Even though the concept of slurry pipelining was known at the turn of the century, it was only in 1957 that it...
Azeotropic distillation
Thesis - 6 pages - Physics
Distillation is the most widely used separation technique in the chemical and petroleum industry. However not all liquid mixtures are amenable to ordinary fractional distillation. When the components of the system have low relative volatilities (1.00 <
The process of heat transfer
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
Direct contact heat transfer is a fundamental process by which heat transfer occurs in nature. It is used for the improvement of cooling or heating processes, in terms of characteristic time, compactness and energy costs. Direct contact heat transfer is potentially more efficient than...
Applications of neural networks in chemical engineering
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
Neural networks, which are simplified models of the biological nervous system, is a massively parallel distributed processing system made up of highly interconnected neural computing elements that have the ability to learn and there by require knowledge and make it available for use. Neural...
Three phase fluidization
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
Gas-Liquid-Solid fluidized beds have emerged in recent years as one of the most promising devices for three phase operation. This operation generates considerable, intimate contact among the gas, liquid and solid particles in these systems. It provides substantial advantages for applications in...
Micro reactors and process intensification
Thesis - 5 pages - Physics
In recent decades there has been a significant increase in the energy efficiency of the process industry by optimization of unit operations. In many cases the limits of what can be done on a unit-operation scale have been reached. To develop chemical production routes and products that consumes...
Biodiesel: A cleaner source of energy
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
A majority of the countries in the world are importers of petroleum and its products. The fossil fuels are being consumed at a rate, which is a million times faster than their rate of formation. The prices of petroleum products are mounting at an alarming pace due to the unmatched contribution to...
Pneumatic valves
Thesis - 6 pages - Physics
Today the performance requirements of process plants are becoming increasingly difficult to satisfy. In fact, without process control it is difficult to operate most modern processes safely and profitably. To understand the process dynamics and its behavior Apex has developed compact setups....
Bio-diesel: An Eco-friendly alternative
Thesis - 20 pages - Physics
Today, an attempt is made to find alternative, nonrenewable energy sources to replace conventional fossil fuels. Currently national energy demands are exponentially increasing as we are progressing into digital age and the population is increasing. One such method that is currently being refined...
Evaporative pertraction
Thesis - 8 pages - Physics
Evaporative Pertraction is membrane processes that has fascinating advantages over conventional process for the separation of volatile solutes from aqueous solutions. This novel athermal Membrane separation process retains flavors and fragrances better than thermal techniques. It promises to play...
Common effluent treatment methods
Thesis - 7 pages - Physics
Pollution may be defined as any condition in which certain substances are present in such concentrations that they can produce undesirable effects or changes in physical, chemical, biological, radiological properties of air, water, soil. Such substances are called pollutants. The primary air...
