The effect of surface functionalisation of zinc doped silica nanoparticles on cellular uptake

Mickey D.

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The effect of surface functionalisation of zinc doped silica nanoparticles on cellular uptake

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Effect of surface functionalisation, zinc doped silica nanoparticles, cellular uptake, nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, Zn, SiO2 NPs, cancer therapy

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Abstract

Nanoparticles are described as particles that have less than 100 nanometre (nm) in a dimension (Khan and Arif, 2012, p. 85). Zinc (Zn) is one of the elements that has been known for its anti-cancer properties (Kim et al., 2013). On the other hand, silica nanoparticle (SiO2 NP) is one of the nanomaterial with a huge application particularly when it comes to the project of Nanomedicine (Sahu and Casciano, 2009, p. 125). As such, this project aims to investigate how the functionalizing of SiO2 NPs doped with Zn could affect its cellular uptake.
To learn more about the research topic, this project aims to see how the surface charge of the SiO2 NPs doped with Zn has an effect on cellular uptake. This project will also seek to determine whether or not surface functionalisation of SiO2 NPs doped with Zn could create significant changes within the cellular uptake. In the process of conducting a systematic literature review, it is possible for the reader to gain more insight on what has already been known and unknown when it comes to the possible effects of surface functionalisation of Zn SiO2 NPs doped with Zn on the cellular uptake and its potential for cancer therapy.

Nanoparticles in cancer treatment applications
SiO2 (silica) nanoparticles and ZnO (zinc oxide) nanoparticles
Properties and Mechanisms of Zinc and its Use in treatment of Cancer
Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles
Importance of surface modification of nanoparticles on cellular uptake
Liposome (Giant Unilamellar Vesicles) synthesis
Experimental techniques to be used in this project
Summary of literature review

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[...] American Physical Society, Joint Fall 2010 Meeting of the Texas Sections of the APS, AAPT, Zone 13 of SPS and the National Society of Hispanic Physicists. Bhattacharjee, S. et al Role of surface charge and oxidative stress in cytotoxicity of organic monolayer-coated silicon nanoparticles towards macrophage NR8383 cells. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, pp. 25. Doi: 10.1186 /1743-8977-7-25. Boehm, T. et al Zinc-binding of endostatin is essential for its antiangiogenic activity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, pp. 252(1), pp. 190-194. Bogush, G., Tracy, M. & Zukoski, C Preparation of monodisperse silica particles: Control of size and mass fraction. Journal of Non- Crystalline Solids, 104(1), pp. 95-106. [...]

[...] Klingshirn, C., Waag, A., Hoffmann, A. & Geurts, J Zinc Oxide: From Fundamental Properties towards Novel Applications. London: Springer- Verlag. Lee, D. et al Heme iron, zinc, alcohol consumption, and colon cancer: Iowa Women's Health Study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, pp. pp. 403-407. Lin, J. & Alexander-Katz, A Cell membranes open "doors" for cationic nanoparticles/biomolecules: insights into uptake kinetics. ACS Nano, pp. 10799- 10808. Lina, R. et al Property study of a new silica nanoparticle delivery system of hydrophobic phthalocyanine using spectroscopic method. [...]

[...] & Pearton, S Zinc Oxide Bulk, Thin Films and Nanostructures: Processing, Properties, and Applications. 1st Edition. Oxford: Elsevier. Jaiswal, A. & Narayan, S Zinc stabilizes adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein levels and induces cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, pp. pp. 345-357. Jang, Y., Simer, C. & Ohm, T Comparison of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its nano- crystalline particles on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Materials Research Bulletin, pp. pp. 67–77. Jia, H., Liu, Y., Zhang, X. [...]

[...] Both Zn and Si nanoparticles are used in cancer treatment. It is, however, important to use the two nanoparticles because their combination have been proven to promote synergism among different drugs, especially against the cancer cells. To analyse the two nanoparticles, the literature review is divided in various sections. The first section is about both Zn and Si nanoparticles, which compares the two NPs and the importance of using them collectively for cancer treatment. The properties and mechanisms of Zn and its use to treat cancer are analysed in another section. [...]

[...] Therefore, to avoid such health complication, having a better control of the NPs' surface, prior to its actual application when treating cancer cells, is very important. Even though Ramasamy et al. (2014) strongly suggest the need to modify the surface of ZnO NPs with SiO2 NPs, one should consider the fact that SiO2 NPs are capable of agglomerating together due to its OH bonds on the surface or electrostatic forces (Gradzik, El Fray and Wisniewska, 2011;Bagwe, Hilliard and Tan, 2006). [...]

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