Bacterial Transformation
Case study - 2 pages - Medical studies
The process of genetic transformation is an important tool used in biotechnology. It has been used in agriculture to create plants that are resistant to different kinds of conditions. In medicine it is being used to try and create bacteria that produce insulin which can be used to treat diabetes....
ATP Production through Fermentation
Case study - 2 pages - Biology
Many people are already indirectly familiar with the processes of fermentation, from the baker to the body builder. The baker, when baking his bread, adds yeasts that produces CO2, which makes the bread rise. Alcohol is also produced during this fermentation but it quickly evaporates during the...
Ka and Buffer Titrations
Case study - 2 pages - Physics
As living things, we are highly sensitive to changes in our environment; this doesn't only mean changes outside our body, but changes from within also. For the cells in our bodies to function properly a certain temperature and pH has to be maintained. Even a slight change in pH inside our bodies...
Lab report on reflexology
Case study - 8 pages - Medical studies
Reflexes are the body's involuntary responses to various stimuli. They are controlled in large part by the human nervous system which has three main functions: sensory input, integration, and motor output. Sensory input is due to sensory receptors throughout the body collecting information about...
Information Systems Studies
Essay - 2 pages - Computer science
Ever since Microsoft released its newest installment in the Windows operating system line-up, titled Vista, computer users around the globe have been having mixed feelings about the highly anticipated product. Since its release in November of 2006, Vista has been slowly attempting to dominate the...
Reflex Physiology
Case study - 5 pages - Medical studies
A human specimen can contain a number of involuntary responses (responses not consciously controlled) to outside stimuli; science calls this response a reflex. Some reflexes disappear as e mature into adults, such as suckling, grasp reflex, Moro reflex and several others (Wikipedia, the Free...
Osmolarity and Body Volume - published: 02/10/2007
Case study - 2 pages - Biology
Our bodies and many other animals' cells extracellular and intracellular fluids are mainly comprised of water with ionized salts in solution. These salts, mainly Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ( Foundations Of Biology: Cell and Organ Physiology, Faculty of the Department of Neurobiology and...
Frog Cardiovascular System
Case study - 3 pages - Biology
The heart is probably one of the most important muscles in an organism's body. It is what drives the flow of nutrients, oxygen, and other vital cells across an organism's body. In different organisms the heart can have slightly different anatomical features as compared to other organisms. In...
Hydronium Concentration of Water and its Effect on Fast Plant Growth
Case study - 4 pages - Biology
Acid rain has always been said to damage the plant life which absorbs the acid water as it would regular water. In this experiment we have decided to see whether this is true and if acid content of water has any effect on plant growth. We have setup an experiment and predict that pH will affect...
Not 'To Study or Not to Study,' But How?
Essay - 5 pages - Biology
To highlight what constitutes the foundation of Man, anthropologists, ethnographers, and theologians like Jonathan Smith, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and Clifford Geertz constantly study “savage” societies, societies very different from our own. Scholars endlessly debate which characteristics...
Lab Report: Fermentation
Essay - 2 pages - Biology
Fermentation is the anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast. It uses the NADH produced by glycolysis and “regenerates” more NAD+ which is then again used by glycolysis. The process of Alcohol fermentation is the one we will be focusing on. In this process...
Life vs. Politics
Essay - 4 pages - Biology
Thousands of years ago, before the thought of a cell had ever crossed anybody's mind, man revolutionized society with advances such as fire, the wheel, irrigation and the telescope. Man has now arrived at the next step, shall we say “the wheel” of our lifetime, stem cells and in...
DNA I & II
Essay - 2 pages - Biology
DNA technology is vital to our technological progress as a society. Without such things as gene therapy which is part of DNA technology many medical feats would not have been accomplished. DNA manipulation is used in many aspects of life, ranging from farms to hospitals and the gene cloning we...
Effects of Decreasing pH on Freshwater Ecosystems Inhabited by Snails and Salvinia
Essay - 3 pages - Biology
The ecosystem of a freshwater lake, stream, and river is greatly influenced by the environment it is in. Temperature, light, nutrients, rainfall amounts, species composition and organic or inorganic pollutant levels all differ from lake to lake, depending on the circumstances of their...
The Goodness of Meat
Tutorials/exercises - 2 pages - Medical studies
Imagine a life where people are weak and constantly ill. Imagine everyone being bed ridden and unable to operate the human body at the level appreciated today. By removing meat from a diet, this is a scenario that becomes a real life horror movie. Eating meat is an essential part of everyone's...
Experiment: Mole Ratios, Limiting and Excess Reactants and Precent Yield
Case study - 4 pages - Physics
The purpose of this lab is as follows: To use mole ratios to predict the amount of precipitate formed, to use mole ratios to study the effect of reactant molarity on the yield of product, to use mole ratios to study limiting and excess reactants, and to design an experiment which achieves the...
Chemical Changes
Case study - 6 pages - Physics
The purpose of this lab was to find out the indications of chemical changes and reactions when mixing two different substances, which are listed specifically in the Observations section. The purpose is also to find out how a percent by mass solution is made up. The data and observations that is...
Neuropathic Pain
Presentation - 33 pages - Medical studies
Neuropathic pain is defined as pain in association with nerve injury or dysfunction. It may be triggered by numerous insults including direct nerve injury, infection, metabolic dysfunction, autoimmune disease, neoplasm, drugs, and neurovascular disorders. It may reflect the pathologic operation...
Narcolepsy
Presentation - 33 pages - Medical studies
Disorder of unknown etiology characterized by excessive sleepiness typically associated with cataplexy and other REM sleep phenomena, such as sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations. Commonly misconceived as representing low intelligence and/or poor motivation. Syndrome frequently...
Nicotine Addiction
Presentation - 33 pages - Medical studies
70.3 million Americans above 12 years reported current use of tobacco (59.9 million were cigarette smokers, 13.7 million smoked cigars, 7.2 million used smokeless tobacco, 1.8 million smoked pipes). In the past month, 4 million American adolescents have used a tobacco product. Risk Factors...
Gastritis
Presentation - 30 pages - Medical studies
The stomach is a type of storage facility that receives all the things we ingest. Internally, it is lined by the mucosa, a pink layer similar to the one that we have in our mouth. Gastritis is a inflammation of the gastric mucosa, it can have different meanings and be understood by different...
Assesment of Normal Pregnancy
Presentation - 48 pages - Medical studies
The diagnosis of pregnancy is usually made on the basis of a history of amenorrhea, an enlarging uterus, and a positive pregnancy test. Nausea and breast tenderness are also often present. It may be crucial to diagnose pregnancy before the first missed menstrual period to prevent exposure of the...
Drugs, Cigarette Smoking & Alcohol During Pregnancy
Presentation - 26 pages - Medical studies
Teratogenicity has been established for only a few drugs, but many more are still not proved to be safe for use during pregnancy. The physician should have a good reason for prescribing any drug early in pregnancy, or indeed during the last half of the menstrual cycle, when any fertile, sexually...
Prenatal Care
Presentation - 45 pages - Medical studies
Prenatal care as we know it today is a relatively new development in medicine. It originated in Boston in the first decade of this century. Before that time, the patient who thought she was pregnant may have visited a physician for confirmation but did not visit again until delivery was imminent....
Normal Pregnancy
Presentation - 27 pages - Medical studies
Pregnancy (gestation) is the maternal condition of having a developing fetus in the body. The human conceptus from fertilization through the eighth week of pregnancy is termed an embryo; from the eighth week until delivery, it is a fetus. For obstetric purposes, the duration of pregnancy is...
Calculation of Gestational Age and Estimated Date of Confinement
Presentation - 26 pages - Medical studies
After the diagnosis of pregnancy is made, it is imperative to determine the duration of pregnancy and the estimated date of confinement (EDC). Normally, human pregnancy lasts 280 days or 40 weeks (9 calendar months or 10 lunar months) from the last normal menstrual period (LNMP). This may also...
Cardiovascular lab report focusing on Amphibian Heart
Essay - 5 pages - Biology
The heart is an integral part of the cardiovascular system in the body of vertebrates. It provides the pressure needed for the blood to be pumped to different parts of the body. The heart maintains the flow of blood throughout the whole cardiovascular system. This in turn allows all the separate...
Population Ecology Using D.melanogaster and D. Virilis
Case study - 3 pages - Biology
In the “Population Ecology Experiment”, fruit flies were used to investigate the factors that enhanced and limited population growth in these species alone as well as in the presence of other species. In this experiment, the effects of high and low population densities in the same size...
Adenosis
Presentation - 22 pages - Medical studies
Adenosis is a term used to describe nonepithelialized columnar glandular epithelium in the vagina. At ~15th week of embryological development, the Mullerian system, which forms the upper 2/3 of the vagina, fuses with the invaginating cloaca, which forms the lower vagina. Squamous metaplasia from...
Vaginismus (the inability of a woman to withstand penetration)
Presentation - 20 pages - Medical studies
Involuntary painful contraction of perineal muscles and levator ani prior to or during vaginal intercourse. The experience of or even the anticipation of pain on vaginal entry causes these muscles to contract, occluding the vaginal opening and causing further pain when penetration is attempted....
