The main function of the camera lens is to focus the image sharply on the film. But they do a lot more than that: the lens aperture allows us to control the amount of light reaching the film and the depth of the field.
Lenses are classified into ‘standard', ‘wide-angle' or ‘telephoto' according to the focal length
[...] Different types of camera lenses Introduction The main function of the camera lens is to focus the image sharply on the film. But they do a lot more than that: the lens aperture allows us to control the amount of light reaching the film and the depth of the field. Lenses are classified into ‘standard', ‘wide-angle' or ‘telephoto' according to the focal length. But these are relative terms and differ from format to format. For example, a 55 mm is a standard focal length for a 35 mm camera but a wide angle for a 6 x 6 cm medium format camera. [...]
[...] Perspective control lenses or PC lenses Perspective Control Lenses or PC Lenses let the photographer correct converging parallel lines when the cameras is pointed at an angle to the subject, as when tilting the camera up to get a complete building in the frame. PC lenses (also called shift lenses) have front elements that can be shifted up or down or left or right. Since the film plane remains parallel to the subject plane, there's no convergence. PC lenses are generally of 24-35 mm wide-angle lenses. [...]
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