Technological life cycle, Cradle-to-cradle, design, Concept
Cradle-to-cradle design is a human based thinking system that believes on effective and elegance approach of human design to the natural system through learning from the incorporated patterns of nature. This revolutionary approach of human industry of redesign base on science and design rigorous conviction that is capable of moving the human industry to a level beyond the sustainability concerns. The knowledge of cradle-to-cradle is from the industrial ecology and industrial and architectural designs fields. The design is much on the intelligent product systems. It is much of a positive agenda that is centered on a world full of healthy materials that are safe, ecologically and economically deployed. Cradle-to-cradle has put more focus on sustainable materials, products, and systems. The processes normally result into impacts on to the human and ecological health. The products normally possess a recycling ability and can be composted safely (Shen & Patel, 2008, p. 49).
Cradle-to-cradle design brings about a new-ideological concept referred to as eco-effectiveness. Top world Leaders have shown their concerns on environmental issues thus turning on proactive measures that aimed at changing their practices to minimize pollution and wasteful natural resources, and ensure that they go by the environmental regulations. This was called eco-efficiency that defines the idea of economy and environment as odds to each other, and that decisions that are made might benefit the environment with little costs or profit to the business. Although this assumption was criticized with arguments that environment and economical concerns are exclusively mutual. The eco-effectiveness and eco-efficiency are contrasted in their operations. The industrial operational processes can take advantage over the processes of nature such as waste equals food, use of current solar income and respect the diversity, and produce products that only benefit the environment. This is different from the do less harm philosophy of eco-efficiency and seek making of products through intelligent product design (Newman & Auer 2007, p. 43).
[...] The building in the cradle-to-cradle context is special. The potential of buildings is high on biological and technological nutrient terms because they are made up of various products of buildings. The three cradle-to-cradle principles are applicable in the building sector. Buildings and constructions have a long life span, distinguishing itself from other sectors. At the same time, most of the building components require replacement or repair in the time of use. Putting this into consideration, it was proposed by McDonough and Braungart for the buildings to be designed as trees whereas the cities designed as forests. [...]
[...] This is different from the do less harm philosophy of eco-efficiency and seek making of products through intelligent product design (Newman & Auer 2007, p. 43). The idea of the processes of production being a closed loop, the by- products of energy can be put into use as new products inputs. The product can be entirely remade into another product that has the same value to the consumer after its usefulness has diminished. The availability of the methods of recycling and the product's chemical composition limits the lifespan of an inferior product, meaning, products billed as recyclable are ‘downcyclable.' The resulting product does have less value to the con summers than the parent product. [...]
[...] Quality and durability are secondarily considered in a traditional durable goods market. Production of a long-lasting product is not encouraged to the manufacturer as consumer tend to change their taste fast that they will consider purchasing new-looking units with changing fashion rather than shorter shelf-life appliances. The refrigerator is normally wasted in this scenario when its components are scrapped to produce a new-looking model. The manufacturer is encouraged in the service and flow economy to put more investment on energy saving appliances that are useful to the consumers in service provision (Berkhout, Muskens & Velthuijsen p. [...]
[...] The concept of cradle-to-cradle is applied to the entire energy and industrial systems. Although this may seem difficult at the moment, there is a technological existence that can make the concept of cradle-to-cradle design possible, part coming from the future advances of technology that foster on investing on alternative energy coupled by supports from professionals who specializes in a large-scale cradle-to-cradle design solutions. Taking, for example, one can design a building in a way that imitates nature where everything designed have a purpose. [...]
[...] The design is much on the intelligent product systems. It is much of a positive agenda that is centered on a world full of healthy materials that are safe, ecologically and economically deployed. Cradle-to- cradle has put more focus on sustainable materials, products, and systems. The processes normally result into impacts on to the human and ecological health. The products normally possess a recycling ability and can be composted safely (Shen & Patel p. 49). Cradle-to-cradle design brings about a new-ideological concept referred to as eco-effectiveness. [...]
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