In many densely populated countries the average size of farm holding is becoming small. Further in most of the developing countries agriculture often encounters various biotic and abiotic stress namely diseases, pests, drought, nutritional disorders, salinity, temperature extremes, and environmental pollution. Moreover, perennial problems of recurring drought and salinity have been the major constraints in limiting the crop production in more than 50% of cultivable land. Some of the problems, which usually affect the agriculture other than biotic and abiotic factors, are soil erosion, deforestation and various other stresses.
Soil erosion arising from several man made causes such as, water logging and salinization of soil due to improper irrigation, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and many such factors are causing damage to soil productivity. Good lands are being exhausted due to expansion of urban areas, construction of roads and houses, industrialization and other non-agricultural requirements.
Unless an ecological dimension is added to agricultural rehabilitation and production of plants, it will be difficult to sustain exploitative agriculture over a long period of time. As a result, world is going to face severe shortage of food grains. The pattern and pace of agricultural growth should be discussed more seriously, not in just global terms but more in terms of individual developing countries.
[...] Lastly, coming to the leaf culture the healthy leaf were taken from different pulse crops and the leaf was cut in the form of these about 1cm from all sides and it was sterilized and disinfected in the similar manner as above. The leaves were taken to the laf and inoculated into the culture tubes placing the veins to upper region of the medium and it was inoculated. After 10-15 days the results were observed and recorded. Effect of medium and sucrose concentrations: - It is obvious from the forgoing observation and results selection of the present studies that for seed germination and growth of seedling, MS basal medium showed the better results. [...]
[...] medium amount of BAP to be AUTOCLAVE For the preparation of 600 ml of Murashige and Skoog's medium measured ml of stock - I with the help of a 25 ml measuring cylinder and pipetted out3 ml each of stock-II, stock and stock - IV and the volume was made up to 600 ml with double distilled water in 1000 ml measuring cylinder. Transferred the medium into 1000 ml beaker and mixed the solution with the help of a magnetic stirrer. [...]
[...] OBJECTIVES Based on these aforesaid important tools of plant biotechnology, we took up this project to work for the selection of salinity plant in some of the pulse crops To raise the seedlings of a few pulse crops under the normal condition To study the effect of various conditions like concentration medium, sucrose and growth regulators, on regeneration potential of various explants in different pulse crops Selection/Screening of NaCl salt tolerant plants/seedling To study the effect of growth regulators on regeneration potential of zygote embryo culture for selection of NaCl salt tolerant plant To study the effect of growth regulators on regeneration potential of nodal culture for selection of NaCl salt tolerant plants To study the effect of growth regulators on regeneration potential of leaf culture for selection of NaCl salt tolerant plant. [...]
[...] Similarly, two empty conical flasks of 150ml capacity, two empty culture tubes, two small rolls of cotton as well as scissors, scalpel, forceps, needle etc were wrapped in paper for the experiment. All the above requirements the media, HgCl2, DDW, empty conical flasks, empty culture tubes, small rolls of cotton wrapped in paper, scissors, scalpel, forceps, needles were wrapped in a paper and were sterilized by auto calving at 121ºC temperature lb pressure for 15 20 minutes. After sterilization, the media and other miscellaneous requirements were immediately shifted to the LAF for establishment of culture. [...]
[...] AUTOCLAVE For the preparation of 900 ml of full strength Murashige and Skoog's medium measured ml of stock - I with the help of a 50 ml measuring cylinder and pipetted out 4.5 ml each of stock-II, stock and stock - IV and the volume was made up to 900 ml with double distilled water in 1000 ml measuring cylinder. Transferred the medium into 1000 ml beaker and mixed the solution with the help of a magnetic stirrer. The initial pH of the medium was checked with the help of a recalibrated digital pH meter. [...]
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