Mendelian genetics is built on the work done by the "father of genetics", Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884). His contributions to the study of inheritance paved the way for our basic understanding of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. He was also instrumental in applying statistical analysis to his experiments. Because of this he was able to predict outcomes of various genetic crosses and then test those predictions against actual crosses. A Mendelian trait is one that is controlled by a single locus and shows a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern. In such cases, a mutation in a single gene can cause a disease that is inherited according to Mendel's laws. The Mendelian Inheritance in Man database is a catalog of, among other things, genes in which Mendelian mutant's causes disease. The nature of hair on the scalp is governed by a set of genes that are responsible for the structure of certain proteins. The secondary structure of hair protein (keratin) is helical while the tertiary structure varies. The kinks and bends in the secondary structure cause the curls in hair. Curly hair has more kinks and bends than wavy and straight hair has very few, if any bends. It is claimed that curly hair is autosomal dominant to straight hair while heterozygote show intermediate wavy hair. The tongue is muscular organ and its flexibility varies genetically. The people who can role the tongue into a U or V shaped trough are rollers while the others are non-rollers. The roller phenotype is autosomal dominant. In males an association with the ability to move the ears was found.
[...] If gene and genotype frequencies remain constant generation after generation (following the hardy Weinberg law) in natural population, the population would have constant genetic composition and there would be o evolution. It is generally accepted that most natural populations are constantly evolving. The gene and genotype frequencies in natural populations, therefore, most undergo change to permit evolution. Gene frequencies in Mendelian populations change due to one more of the following factors: 1. Selection 2. Mutation 3. Mitotic drive and migration 4. [...]
[...] AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Aim: To investigate the frequencies of gene and genotype in the given human population Objective The objectives of the project are as follows: Provide an experience to collect and analyze data relevant to genetic inheritance. Apply the concepts of Mendelian genetics. Research and discuss genetic traits involving dominant and recessive genes. To see if the sample population considered follows Hardy Weinberg principle or not. To find out the gene and genotype frequencies of the given population. To find out the statistical validation. [...]
[...] Law of independent assortment principle of independent assortment which states that if we consider the inheritance at a time of two or more character their distribution in the gametes and in the progeny of subsequent generation is independent of each other.” 2. History Mendelian genetics is built on the work done by the "father of genetics", Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884). His contributions to the study of inheritance paved the way for our basic understanding of how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. [...]
[...] In population genetics, allele frequencies show the genetic diversity of a species population or equivalently the richness of its gene pool. Allele frequency is defined as follows: Given the following: 1. a particular chromosome locus and the gene occupying that locus 2. a population of individuals carrying n loci in each of their somatic cells (e.g. two loci in the cells of diploid species, which contain two sets of chromosomes) 3. a variant or allele of the gene, then the allele frequency is the fraction or percentage of loci that the allele occupies within the population. [...]
[...] It is proposed that hairy ears result from the interaction of the two loci one on the homologous segment of the X and Y and the other on the non-homologous segment of Y Population Genetics Introduction The genetical study for the inheritance of phenotypic traits in a given population is called “population genetics”. It concerned with gene and genotype frequencies, the factors that tend to keep them constant, and the factors that tend to change them in populations. It is largely concerned with the study of polymorphisms. [...]
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