When you look at a your house, you can see that it has got walls, doors ,windows and ventilators. All these things are the building blocks of your house. Similarly , bodies of all living organisms are made up of small unit which is called as a cell, as like bricks are the fundamental units of a building. These cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all living beings. The cell is also similar to atoms ,of which all the matter is composed of. Atoms are the building blocks of physical matter and cells are the building blocks of living organisms. Cells are very small and can't be seen with naked eyes. We need to have a compound microscope. Thus we can define cell as : A microscopic entity which forms the basic structural and functional unit of all living beings. All living beings are made of numerous cells but there are certain unicellular organisms also. They perform all life functions within one cell only. Some of the unicellular organisms are: Chlamydomonas, Paramecium, Amoeba,, Euglena etc.
[...] Thus we can say that, all organelles within the cell form the basic unit of life called as cell. Constitution and structural organization of a cell We have just talked about the fact that there are certain organelles present in a cell which helps is to function like a whole entity in itself. Let us now study how is a cell organized basically. When you observed the temporary slide of onion peel , you might have observed the three main feature: plasma membrane or cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm . [...]
[...] It controls the activities of the cell It is the store house of genes. They are responsible for the transfer of genetic characters from one generation to the other Cell division is controlled by nucleus Nucleus is responsible for the formation of RNA and ribosome's The genes present in the nucleus are responsible for the development and manifestation of the all body characteristics. It also determines the way the cell will develop and form it will exhibit at maturity by directing the chemical activities of the cell. [...]
[...] KNOW MORE DISCOVERY OF CELL the cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 when he was examining a piece of cork using a primitive microscope. In this thin slice of cork he observed a honey comb like structure which had compartments. He named them as Cell. The word cell comes from Latin which means little room.” this was a significant observation because that was the very first time someone came out with the fact that living beings appear to consist of separate entities. [...]
[...] Transportation of material : we have studied that the movement of water across the cell is very important. But it is not only water but other molecules as well those have to move across the plasma membrane. Some nutrient material like sugar also leaves and enters the cell. This movement is facilitated by the transport proteins. They are also known as Permeases. They are specific and small passageway which enables solute particles to cross the lipid layer of the plasma membrane Endocytosis and Exocytosis: Endocytosis is defined as the ingestion of the material by the cell through the plasma membrane. [...]
[...] ER provides mechanical strength to the cell by forming skeletal framework of the cell ER helps in the transportation of genetic material from one cell to the other It forms the nuclear membrane after the cell division. In addition to it plasma membrane and other cellular membranes are also formed by ER RER helps in the formation of proteins. Ribosomes present on its surface forms the proteins and RER helps in the transportation SER is responsible for the detoxification of the poison and drugs SER helps in the synthesis of lipids, steroids and cholesterol SER also synthesizes enzymes required for digestion. [...]
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