Cells need energy to do work to carry out metabolic processes that keep them alive and functioning. This energy is stored in the form of ATP, which stands for adenosine triphosphate. All plant and animal cells use a process known as cellular respiration to make ATP from carbohydrates. Plant cells also have a process known as photosynthesis that they use to fixate carbon into carbohydrates using energy from the sun. However, even in plant cells, the most important energy contribution is made by cellular respiration, since ATP formed during photosynthesis is used primarily to fixate the carbon atoms for later use in glycolysis (a step of cellular respiration). Cellular respiration can either be carried out aerobically (in the presence of oxygen) or anaerobically (in the absence of oxygen) (Miyazaki, 85). This lab is concerned with testing the anaerobic pathway, namely alcohol fermentation.
[...] fermentation process will be carried out. The more extreme the change in pH or temperature is, the slower fermentation will proceed, and the larger the concentration, the quicker it will proceed. In this case, the variables are pH, temperature, yeast concentration, and type of sugar. Methods The first experiment involved setting up a standard protocol, so that we could become familiar with the apparatus that measures the water displacement by CO2 and simultaneously see the affect of yeast concentration on fermentation rate. [...]
[...] Results We had set up the standard protocol expecting to see if yeast concentrations would affect the fermentation rate. Based on the graphs and data tables, it seems that it did indeed. Obviously, the tube with no yeast at all produced no CO2. However, the tube with 1mL of yeast had a lower rate of fermentation than the tube with 3mL of yeast. The 1 mL of yeast tube had a slope of .72 while the 3mL yeast tube had a slope of The slope of test tube 1 which contained 0 mL of yeast is as there was no fermentation occurring at all. [...]
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