In 2008, the global urban population outnumbered the rural population. Urbanization is characterized by the growth and development of cities in comparison to rural areas. The term urban previously referred to as savoir vivre, that is the organization of a specific lifestyle in accordance to the infrastructure of city. The growing population has contributed to this phenomenon since the late 1970s. While countries around the world are experiencing different stages of urbanization within the same continent. Thus, countries which experienced urbanization in the first or the second industrial revolution in the late nineteenth century have advanced. While in the less developed countries despite the role of colonization, urbanization in some cases remains unorganized.
[...] Thus, cities like Havre' in the 1990's or like ‘Tangier' today reflect this urbanization trend of the world by their expansions The strategic economic importance of cities in globalization In addition, cities that have major economic interests play a vital role in globalization. The presence of a labor-intensive market in East Asia that is sometimes economical and more importantly, with infrastructure already in place enables these cities to grow rapidly. The competitiveness of cities becomes the basis of their development, which should no longer be undertaken only in terms of population but also in terms of infrastructure, productivity of labor, etc The dissemination of an "urban lifestyle" Urbanization is also marked by a lifestyle where globalization tends to spread outside the cities. [...]
[...] So the renovation of dilapidated docks of New York shows the commitment of the state to avoid the dilution of the urbanization on the outskirts. In developing countries, rapid urbanization has not allowed the state to provide the adequate urban transport infrastructure or sanitation. Thus, since the 1970's there is phenomenal increase of slums or ghettos, where one in five people would survive. Violence and unemployment are other manifestations of the failure of the state to take advantage of urbanization. [...]
[...] The countries have different dynamics of urbanization, which reinforce metropolisation in developed countries and anarchic urbanization in developing countries. These cities are linked together in what is called an archipelago. Metro is a key feature of globalization. Indeed, the quest for power of territories and to capture the flow of economic and political world requires constant regulation. III Types of urbanization 1 The different forms of urbanization The European cities adopted a concentric development concept. Indeed, the emergence of newly formed districts by newcomers is through concentric circles around the nucleus, namely the old quarter surrounded by business districts. [...]
[...] Globalization is in fact a "race for competitiveness", which creates a hierarchy between cities and within the "metropolitan archipelago”. IV The paradoxical role of the State in the context of urbanization in a globalized world Paradoxically the State, in the context of globalization, manages urbanization within its territory and attempts to reverse its negative effects The role of the State in the territorial organization and management of urbanization The significant development of cities in the world leads to different situations. In developed countries, the phenomenon of "sprawling urban" development in the urban peripheries of large cities. [...]
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