Conflict theories and models

Lawrence W.

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Conflict theories and models

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Abstract

There is a fundamental difference in the way consensus and conflict theorists view the very nature of modern society and societal relations, such as class relations, the role of conflict for change and the distribution of power. Generally, the world used the structural functionalist or consensus model to look at the way society functioned. Conflict perspective theorists such as Ralf Dahrendorf have critiqued the consensus theorist's view of society and social organizations.

Introduction
Structural functional or consensus theorists
The consensus perspective
Ralf Dahrendorf
Social relations
Four basic needs
The post-industrial society
Criticism against Dahrendorf's theory
Conclusion
References

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[...] These shared values maintain the equilibrium of the system while the conflict model has a different theory on organizations. It believes all organizations are based on structural inequalities. This is usually seen with political power or economic wealth. Those in power maintain social order through coercion or dominance. When social conflict does arise, it will bring social change. (Turner, 1991). Social relations are analyzed by Dahrendorf with the belief that in all social systems there is a difference between those in a position of power or authority and those without it. [...]

[...] The Marxist's believe Dahrendorf does not show that conflict is inherently built within structures, or how material interests are the cause for superordinate and subordinate groups to be divided over. A structural functionalist may argue that hierarchical structures are in place in most systems and a common goal can still be shared without material interests involved and the conflict may occur due to a difference of values. (Turner, 1991). Dahrendorf's theory that we have entered a post-capitalist society with economics and politics tends to bring criticism as well. [...]

[...] The conflict theorists views social systems where some people have the right and power to dominate, by basis of their position they hold. According to conflict theorists society is in a state of flux and discord. The oppression is what binds society together, not necessarily the common norms and values. Dahrendorf focused mainly on the role of authority in society. He saw two types of groups, superordination and subordination of groups which had the potential to turn into conflict. These actions of conflict are what cause changes in social structures. [...]

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