Ever since the end of the Cold War in 1991, Africa has faced ethnic conflicts that had led to the destabilization of several of its countries. It also paved the way for the collapse of regimes and led to large-scale massacres in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Rwanda. The neighboring states that were deemed to be stable were impacted by civil wars surrounding the incursions of armed bands of control. The conflicts on the African continent have claimed the lives of more than 4 million people since 1991.
[...] The democratic process has, in fact, exacerbated conflicts between the Malinke and Senufo in the north, and Bete and Baoulés sub groups in the south. The election of President Laurent Gbagbo has not calmed the situation, nor prevented the mutiny of the Northern tribes who have never recognized his electoral victory. Since the failed coup of September 2002, Côte d'Ivoire or the Ivory Coast stands divided. Similarly, the succession of President Eyadema of Togo, in 2005, was organized in very poor conditions. [...]
[...] The mercenary company has developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. These private companies are involved in the protection of mining concessions. At the African level, the model is based on the firm Executive Outcomes created by Eeben Barlow, a former South African military personnel. EO boasts of having reversed the balance of power in the civil war that ravaged Angola for several years through a two- year contract signed with the government of Eduardo Dos Santos, for $ 80 million dollars. [...]
[...] This leads the state health and humanitarian catastrophe in Africa to compound to a state of chaos Consequences of the chaos and phenomenon of aggravation of the lives of Africans The relationship between African countries is characterized by the ease with which the crisis is spread from one country to another. The use of mercenaries organized into real companies is an option increasingly used by the belligerents, and especially by states that are unable to provide security on their territory. [...]
[...] In addition, it is children who die in the priority of these fevers, and can not provide their labor to their families. In areas where the malaria rate is high, agricultural production collapsed. Malarial deaths have resulted in high costs for African countries: 40% of total health costs (care and hospitalization) have been attributed to malaria for the countries affected. AIDS is also responsible for a real humanitarian and economic disaster. Of the 42 million people infected worldwide million are Africans (2004 figures), or 69% of the population is infected by the virus million Africans have died of the disease since the onset of HIV. [...]
[...] The spread of pandemics such as AIDS and malaria in the continent has also added to the chaos in the continent When conflicts become inter-state The concept of intrastate conflict (civil war) is less relevant to the conflicts affecting African countries. The troubles most often degenerate into a regional crisis. Indeed, a rebel group challenging an established power seeks to control a rapidly transforming the border to neighboring base-back, by purchasing arms and recruiting men of the same ethnic group. [...]
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