The Kinsey Reports were two innovative books on human sexual behavior that was very controversial and sensational. The findings caused much controversy due to the graphic nature of the findings. They served to challenge conventional beliefs about sexuality and they addressed topics that were, at the time, considered to be taboo. His methodology is criticized because it is argued that the data he got must have been acquired in some way through engaging in or observing child sexual abuse. This charge was denied by Kinsey. Alfred Kinsey gathered his data mostly through the use of interviews, which were done in a way that ensured the confidentiality of those who participated in them. It also drew on the diaries of those who were convicted of engaging in sexual assault involving children. Once that data had been compiled, it was put into a computer for processing. All of the original notes were analyzed in coming up with the results.
[...] Macdonald & Wright's Cigarette Smoking and the Disenfranchisement of Adolescent Girls: A Discourse of Resistance and Walsh's Spankers and Nonspankers: Where they get Information on Spanking are research studies that differ based on research design and other methodological features. Macdonald and Wright's study wanted to explore the gender differences in depth for reasons that they choose to smoke. This is because it has been shown in recent studies that women smoke more than their male counterparts. This study was motivated by the fact that there must be different reasons why males and females smoke and the smoking prevention programmes must affect them in different ways. [...]
[...] The problem with this study was that the data was not representative of the population as a whole. The research also ignored structural factors such as relative powerlessness that women may experience in their home, school and work environments. A major limitation is that social development theory does not explain the gender differences or the high degree of alienation and powerlessness felt in the schools by adolescent girls who smoke, relative to males. Walsh's objective was to compare spankers and nonspankers on the importance of sources of discipline information, the nature of spanking advice from these sources, and the intensity of messages toward recommending and opposing spanking. [...]
[...] In the second study, the researchers sought to study how crime was deterred in areas where the police maintained a high level of presence. It was a study though that came with its own sets of problems. It would not have been possible had there not been a commitment from practitioners that were concerned with the questions that were raised. The researchers encountered that a statistical limitation in all experiments in patrol beat or neighborhood level crime is lack of power. [...]
[...] The following will compare and contrast Scribner and Cohen's study on The Effect of Enforcement on Merchant Compliance with the Minimum Legal Drinking Age Law with Sherman and Weisburd's study on Police Patrol in Crime Hot Zones. The aim of the first study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to deter underage alcohol sales by targeting alcohol retailers instead of underage youth. The study was done to evaluate the effect of a general deterrence intervention designed to increase compliance with the MLDA law among alcohol retailers. [...]
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