Does gender perception toward computing exist in Thailand? – A comparison study between Thai and the US

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Does gender perception toward computing exist in Thailand? – A comparison study between Thai and the US

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Abstract

Number of studies show that computing has been long perceived as a male domain. With this perception, females may experience negative outcomes in the computing-related occupation or activities, such as discrimination, pay differentials and the "glass ceiling effect". Does this perception exist in Thailand, where the large number of computing workforces consists of female? If so, such perception could discourage female to participate in computing-related careers or be productive in their jobs. This paper investigated the gender perception of computing in Thailand in comparison with the US. The study involved 346 undergrad business students. This study also investigated computer-and-Internet usages, computer anxiety, and computer self-efficacy. Interestingly, the study found that gender perception toward computing does not exist in Thailand.

When computing is perceived as a domain of one gender in work places, it can impact participation and success of the opposite gender in computing fields. The subject of gender perception toward computing has been studied within the MIS discipline for quite sometimes. Number of studies, which were conducted in the US, showed that computing in the US was a male domain. Such perception could discourage female to participate or prevent them from being successful in their computing-related careers.

Abstract
Introduction
Literature review
1. Women and computing in Thailand and the US
2. Gender perception of computing
3. Computer anxiety
4. Computer self-efficacy
Methodology and data collection
Data analysis
1. Demographic and computer-and-internet usages
Factor analysis
1. Gender Stereotyping of Computing (GTS)
2. Computer Anxiety Rating Scale (CARS)
Discussion
Conclusion
References

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[...] and Mehta, A.; The Cross Cultural Study Concerning Gender Stereotyping in Computing: Comparison between the US and India, Proceeding of the Twelfth Americas Conference on Information Systems, 1352- Igbaria, M., & Parasuraman, S.; A Path Analytic Study of Individual Characteristics, Computer Anxiety and Attitudes Toward Microcomputers.” Journal of Management, V.15:3, pp 373- Dambrot, F.H., Watkins-Malek, M.A., Silling, M.S., Marshall, R.S. & Garver, J.A.; Correlates of Sex Differences in Attitudes Towards and Involvement with Computers, Journal of Vocational Behavior, V. 27:1, pp 71- Heinssen, R.K., Jr., Glass, C. [...]

[...] Discussion With regard to gender stereotyping of computing the findings suggest that there is no difference of gender perception toward computing between Thai females and Thai males. In general, both Thai males and Thai females believe that computing is neutral, meaning that they do not perceive that computing is gender typed male nor female. However, with regard to computer anxiety rating scale (CARS) and computer self-efficacy the findings suggest that Thai females have higher anxiety and less confidence, enthusiasm, and/or anticipation toward computer use than do Thai males. [...]

[...] In fact, Thailand had the highest percentage of female IT workforces among Asian and the Pacific countries The objectives of this study are to investigate whether the gender perception toward computing exists in Thailand and how it is different from the US. The study also examined the differences between Thai male and female in other aspects of computing-related aspects, including computer-and-Internet usage, computer anxiety, and computer self-efficacy. Based on these objectives, it is logical to pose the question of whether gender perception toward computing exists in Thailand. [...]

[...] On the other hands, Smith and Henry and Stone found no statistically significant difference in computer self-efficacy between males and females Methodology and Data Collection The researchers investigated six samples of university students, two from Thailand (105 undergraduate students majoring business) and four from the US (241 undergraduate students majoring business). All samples were from 4 year institutions. All students were offered extra credit as an incentive to complete the online survey. The survey instrument gathered gender, age, and computer and Internet usages. [...]

[...] Thailand also had the highest percentage of skilled IT workers percent of women workers, among Asian and Pacific countries Gender Perception of Computing A gender-typed activity/occupation is defined as one where males and females are perceived as possessing different abilities or levels of ability, personality attributes, and/or interpersonal interaction styles Activities that require abilities, attributes, and interaction styles expected of males are gender type male, and those requiring feminine attributes are gender type female There are two techniques that have been used to determine if an activity or occupation is gender type male, female or considered neutral. [...]

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