Social Security in Algeria

Abstract

On the eve of colonization of Algeria by France, the concepts of public health and social security barely existed. The colonial regime of the time introduced Social Security in Algeria to organize the medical benefits of military settlers and for the Algerian Workers' Algerians service. "

Introduced at the base by the French colonial regime, social security offered favors to large European and Aboriginal communities at the expense of the rest of the population. Access to social protection benefits for all social classes were allowed after independence and thanks to the socialist system adopted by Algeria at the time and the process of industrialization of public enterprises during the same period, it facilitated a productive period of social security generating surpluses at all levels.

Algeria inherited, after independence, a social security system consisting of several very complex systems and agencies with legislation and operating procedures differing from one plan to another and from one organization to another, which increases in time management process.

Schemes mainly consist of:
- Agricultural scheme managed by the Agricultural Mutual Fund (CNMA).
- The scheme for civil servants managed by the social security fund officials for the social insurance component (CSSF) and the general fund pensions (CGRA) for the pensions of civil servants.
- The railway scheme that was identical to that of civil servants'.
- The scheme of the service personnel regarding electricity and gas fund managed by the pension and insurance agents of the national electricity and gas enterprise (CAPAS).
- The mining scheme managed by the social security fund \ (MRSC).
- The scheme for fishermen managed by the national establishment of fishermen (ENMP).
- The scheme for non-employees managed by the pension insurance fund (CAVNOS).
- The scheme for students.
- The military scheme.


Algeria, by creating the various insurance funds, had the main objective to broaden the scope of services provided to all professional categories and facilitate the management of its agencies

The Unemployment Insurance Fund (CNAC) - Unemployment insurance against the risk of involuntary loss of employment for economic reasons for employees was, for the first time, established in Algeria by Executive Decree No. 94 of May 26, 1994. In the same year was Decree No. 94-188 of July 6, 1994, which entrusts the management and administration of unemployment insurance to the NACC. This creation so obeys the economic and social reality that prevailed at the time of its creation and which is characterized by the dismissal of thousands of employees in public enterprises.

Note that the unemployment rate was high in the aftermath of independence, and then began to decline in the mid-70s through massive industrialization policy applied by the Socialist government of the time which allowed the creation of thousands of jobs. This decrease continued to be felt until the mid-80s, with falling oil prices, the state had to question its economic policies which resulted in the loss of thousands of jobs and an increase in unemployment around 24% in 1992.

Tags: unemployment rate , Agricultural Mutual Fund, colonization of Algeria by France