The Euro-Mediterranean cooperation has been developed through various Community policies since the 1960s. These policies have resulted in various cooperative programs. There is both a regional scope for all Mediterranean partners who comprised: Algeria, Palestinian Authority, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey. Since May 2004, Cyprus and Malta joined the EU. By participating in the Barcelona process, cooperation between Morocco and the European Union has two dimensions: a bilateral and a regional one. The bilateral dimension is framed by the Association Agreement of 1996 and the regional dimension of the Barcelona Declaration. If the Barcelona Declaration is a political reference to cooperation between the two parties mentioned above, the Association Agreement resulting from this is considered as its legal framework. However, the Morocco-EU cooperation in human development is the framework in the dialectic between the political, legal as well as the regional and bilateral levels.
[...] New actions are planned to achieve the priority objective to "contribute to job creation and sustainable economic growth through trade liberalization and regional integration" - one of three priorities identified, with human rights, democracy and education - namely the liberalization of trade in services and establishment, liberalization and cooperation in agriculture and fisheries, the convergence of legislation, the South-South economic integration, a rehabilitated macroeconomic context, the study of the creation of a Euro-Mediterranean Bank of Development, transport, energy and environmental sustainability. However, among these actions, we find no concrete measures for job creation. But that's long ago and at the European level we concluded that to effectively fight against unemployment we require not only growth policies and structural reforms, but also direct and active policies for employment and common strategies at European level. Nothing prevents from extending this logic to the Euro-Mediterranean area. [...]
[...] This bureaucracy is also reflected in the central role to the detriment of both the recipient states and other institutions of political character, namely the parliament and council. However, since 1996, donations from the European Union in Morocco have increased steadily showing the excellent partnership that unites them. So today, the portfolio of projects in Morocco amounts to over 1 billion 250 million euros, the amount of disbursements in 2004 amounted to 167 million euros, and the 2005-2006 program has reached 275 million Euros: no need to rephrase the good performance of the technical and financial cooperation which merely reflect the deepening of relations between the EU and the Kingdom of Morocco. [...]
[...] On the contrary, cooperation in question is economic and therefore excludes both the political and cultural aspects. V.Touiti.My. H 'reciprocity in the association agreement between Morocco and Europe: signed in Brussels on 26 February 1996. "Casablanca, El Jadida najah p. Maryam Moulay Rachid, "Evaluation and growth of the Euro-Moroccan partnership," Bill to obtain the DESA management of public policy, presented and defended the 17-10-2003.University Mohammed Vp53-57. Majid.Bouzar, "The fiction of the Euro-Mediterranean: the central Maghreb faced with European Union", in international cooperation against liberalism, work under the direction of Sophia Mappa, Kharthala edition, p.148. [...]
[...] This article states: "The Community may conclude with a third State, a union of states or an international organization agreements establishing an association involving reciprocal rights and obligations, common action and special procedures. These agreements are concluded by the Council acting unanimously and after consulting the Assembly. Where such agreements involve amendments to this Treaty, they must first be adopted by the procedure laid down in Article 236. " Mohamed Ben El Hassan Alaoui, "cooperation between the EU and the Maghreb", Nathan edition, Paris p.23. It is on this basis that the Yaoundé I and Yaoundé II (1969-1975) agreements were concluded with 18 then 19 African and Malagasy states. [...]
[...] The Association Agreement provides more efficient services, goods and capital to the detriment of man. This explains why the partnership is still condemned to neoliberal values and dominated by the traditional approaches of achieving development through trade. This excessive power given to markets and legitimized by the Association Agreement is witnessing a great imbalance suffered by the Barcelona Process. Therefore, we can dare to say that we are faced with a disabled partner - a partnership where the social, cultural and human aspects have never appeared as a priority and in which cooperation programs generate only disappointing benefits. [...]
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