Reviewing laws after September 11th

Ambreen K.

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Reviewing laws after September 11th

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Abstract

After 9/11 attacks the law making bodies all over the world observed a tremendous alter in their playback, these changes mostly affected the legal documents for those who took down the laws imposed by the legislative bodies. In another way you can say that these changes made the local governments grow up more responsible in providing civil rights all over the globe. Famous writers and different public welfare societies passed their own judgments on this issue. Our following paper will lay before you a concise and important impact of this calamity on the threats to the leakage of personal information in several countries, and also this paper will enlighten these impacts with the Standard data protection and privacy orders and rules. The conclusion of this paper will solve the dispute over whether or not there is a need of reviewing laws after September 11th.

Introduction
Significant reactions following September 11
1. Legislative changes
Situation in North America
1. USA
2. Canada
Situation in Europe
1. European Union (EU)
2. Germany
3. France
4. United Kingdom
5. Spain
Situation in Arabian States
1. Saudi Arabia
2. Egypt
3. Bahrain26, Syria, Lebanon and Kingdom of Jordan
Situation in Asia-Pacific
Evaluation: Security and privacy
Need for new ground rules
Conclusion
References

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[...] Additionally, the notification to a targeted person after the surveillance has taken place can be delayed for up to three years. The newly introduced preventive arrest and detention measures also have a sunset clause. The definition of terrorism has been broadened to allow the extension of the criminal code. The Canadian law would also adopt two more U.N. conventions on terrorism. The National Defense Act has been modified to enable the defense minister to authorize the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) to intercept private communications between Canada and other countries, in order to obtain information related to international affairs, defense or security, (Part V.1, “Communications Security Establishment”). [...]

[...] This will in return benefit the UN-counter terrorism and motivate the religious parties to restrain from causing harm to public or public property India A new Act against terrorism was passed called as the Terrorism Ordinance by the Indian government after the attacks of September 11. This Ordinance focused on providing the police some extra authority for arresting and custody of the criminals. Police was also given the authority by an authoritative proclamation for the Prevention of Terrorism (POTO) that they could hold a criminal in jail for 30days without taking the matter to the court. [...]

[...] These resolutions has off course put more burden on the member countries of UN in order to elaborate their ideas and responses after September 11 but it is not a legal obligation nor it can be imposed North America 2.1 USA On September 14th, the U.S. senate passed the Combating Terrorism Act of 2001. This act allows “real time” monitoring and gathering of data on any communication medium and with minimum authorization required. This paved way to legalize the installation of the “Carnivore” surveillance system which before September 11 was not much acceptable. [...]

[...] Above mentioned Anti Terrorism Laws and responses after the September 11 bear witness to the following achievements and goals: Periodic legislative and administrative measures against issues of Terrorism and communal riots. Tracing secret information and violence against privacy of an individual is strengthened. Advance methods of gathering information like biometrics is introduced. The powers of the secret services and police are being extended, and they have more access to each other files and data A generalized retention of all communication data by telecommunications service providers is being enforced The use of new technologies for the real-time surveillance of nearly all the citizens also raises concerns about the commitment of the affected countries the fundamental principles of human rights. [...]

[...] Sunset clauses are obligatory to the fact that the intruding laws against terrorism are just a fugitive solution which may sever for a very short span of time and that only in intense situation or conditions privacy of people is intruded legally. Briefly I will say that to cite the Article 29-Group, responsible for assessing and seeking advice from European Commission activities of private data protection matters: is about time to realize that a key element in the fight against terrorism consists of preserving our fundamental values which are the basis of our democratic societies. [...]

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