The GNP of United States is the highest in the world, at $10,946 billion in 2004, substantially higher than the EU-25 ($9449 billion, including $1523 billion for France) and two and a half times higher that of Japan ($4390 billion). The GNP per capita remains the fourth highest in the world, with a per-capita income of 37 610 dollars, after Luxembourg (43,940), Norway (43,350) and Switzerland (39,880). It is higher than Japan (34,510), EU Fifteen (25,482) and EU Twenty five (18,093).
Much of the wealth produced in United States is attributed to the services sector (78% and 66% for market services). The industry provides 20% of GDP, and agriculture provides 1.5%. Does this justify discussions of a post-industrial economy? It is the largest globally and is ahead of Japan and China in case of many industries. Moreover, even with only 1.5% GDP, American agriculture continues to be a world leader in many segments, by dint of its export capacity.
United States remains very powerful because it attracts the best scientists and engineers from all over the world. These strengths give America great self-confidence, that many consider it to be arrogance.A promising area of highly skilled jobs:
This vast area is now on the borders of secondary and tertiary sector.
This area includes:
- ICT "NouveUes information technology and communication"
- Defense industries
- Civil Aviation
- Pharmaceuticals and biotechnology
- Measuring instruments
The number of workers in this sector reached in late 1990:
- 2.8 million for industry
- 1.8 million for services related to these industries
The high technology and represent more than 4.5 million employees, or about 8% of employment outside agriculture.
Economic factor:
Its role of training for the entire economy is substantial:
- For the high R & D in the CA business
- For a particularly high productivity, the operation can spread elsewhere in the industrial sphere
- For high wages, and therefore significant regional impact in terms of consumption, etc.
American superiority in these areas is, in general, indisputable. It would even be strengthened in the 1990s. A study by the National Science Foundation estimates that U.S. exports in this sector reached:
- $ 190 billion in 1998
- Far ahead of Japan (100 billion)
- And the main European SLP (50 and 60 billion for the United Kingdom, Germany and France each).
More remarkable, U.S. exports have nearly tripled since 1985 when they doubled with respect to Japan and European countries. The state has played a key role in the rise of American firms:
- It has for example led the defense firms to come together to cope up with credits after the collapse of the USSR
- It pushed the producers of components to come together in consortia such as SEMATECH
- And it also banned some final concentrations, whereas this would have harmed competition (prohibition of group Lockheed Martin /Northrop Grumman)
Tags: GNP, United States, per-capita income, services sector, post-industrial economy, American agriculture, highly skilled jobs, technology and communication, European countries, high technology
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