Since more than half a century, the motor industry has represented, in most of industrialized countries a floret of the industry. In spite of the expansion of the service sector, the French motor industry occupies a very great place in our country. The manpower mass has decreased (in France this sector employs only 1.3% of the working people) but its attachment to some other sectors or some activities as electronics or research and development gives itself an important role.
However, the motor industry is characterized by an intensive activity of fusions and acquisitions. It has been followed by a period of reorganization. It is what we will study first. We will explain how the French motor industry has succeeded in the market evolutions.
After that, we will see how the French industry has achieved success overseas. On one hand, we will see that French manufacturers have reorganized themselves; we will see how they did it and how it has worked. We will examine all the points which allowed it to happen (internationalization, globalization etc.).
On the other hand, we will talk about the second actor of its sector which means the cars supplier industry. We will try to understand how they succeeded in reaching their actual position.
In the last part, we will concentrate our study on the car evolution. We will see that the work of all the actors of the French industry never stops. In fact, we will see that innovation, research and development are today, the key factors for the success of the motor industry. We will also see that a lot of researches of car evolution are required in order to answer to the problems of the environment, petrol exhaustion, customer waiting etc.
[...] In the 1980s, the French motor industry won a new point thanks to the implantation of Renault in the USA and the launching of very famous cars such as the Peugeot 205 and the Renault 5. In the 90s, Peugeot and Renault already had some factories in the USA and, in a lot of countries in Europe (Italy, Germany, United Kingdom etc.). Moreover, in 1990, Renault entered into an association with Volvo. But it stopped a few years later to make another association with Nissan in 1999. [...]
[...] - France is the fourth leader in car selling, Renault is the fourth worldwide leader and Peugeot is the seventh - French car suppliers have succeeded to internationalize them and to stay in the competition (French manufacturers keep the fourth worldwide rank) - Each French car manufacturer has kept its financial independence and has succeeded to diversify and reorganize its company Part Future developments in the motor industry The technological horizon seems to be hopeful but the economical, energetic, environmental and societal advantages are alarming for the manufacturers and also for the automobile users. [...]
[...] Because thanks to this, the French motor industry is present in the entire world by its three better brands. It is also a good thing for the notoriety and the image of our motor industry. Although, our two big groups have different strategies, they have approximately the same aim. That means that they want to improve their internationalization, their innovation capacities, their range of products, their sales and to enter new markets. Every body knows that the internationalization of the French motor industry was late. [...]
[...] This is why, after that, it has maintained the second position in the French motor industry although it had a lot of difficulties during several periods. But today, thanks to its strategic alliance with Nissan, Renault is the number fourth in car manufacturing in the world (see the table p.12) (L'industrie automobile en France, 1980). Renault in 2005-2006 First of all, we have to know how Renault succeeded to take the fourth position in the world. Then, we have to know that Renault took the control of two foreign companies before starting its global alliance with Nissan. [...]
[...] Impacts of the finance globalization Confronted by globalization, the French motor industry has also suffered the after-effects of the finance globalization. Renault was repurchased by the French government in 1945, it was privatized in 1994, even today the French government still remains the first shareholder ( on the 30th June 2005), just ahead of Nissan. Always controlled by the Peugeot family, PSA has also known the entry in its capital of institutional investors, in particular North American. Even if French manufacturers were less exposed to the globalization of their finance, they have been confronted by the demand of the corporate governance and the creations of values. [...]
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