This essay is about the climate change and the direct and indirect effect on our environment, not only caused by human activities. The increased concentration of the greenhouse gases which include carbon-di-oxide and others, over the last 150 years has dramatically progressed. This fact, caused by the global industrial and non-industrial activities and the gradual depletion of the earth's the natural resources, is basically changing the earth's climate system. Among the several scientific investigations, the opinions are unanimous, the temperature is increasing and this will have some direct effect on people's life. If this issue is up-to date and seems to be taken into consideration at the world level, it is because its about money. The recent discussion on the reduction of the greenhouse gases will involve a reduction of the industrial activities and also some updating of certain facilities. The costs involved are now being taken into consideration and this topic is among the current hot issues. We will first of all present quickly about exactly what 'Global Warning' is with some data and then try to get an economical view on the topic.
[...] It hasn't been rain for the last few months and the need in water is really important. Forest: Forest composition, geographic range of forest health and productivity - As well as the agriculture the forest will suffer from the rise in temperature and the dryness. We could refer to the huge fire in Corsica. Water resources: Water supply and quality - From Africa to Asia with the consequences of the Tsunami, the water is more than an issue in many parts of the world. [...]
[...] TechnewNote of the week, Spetember http://www.scjai.com/technote164.html (15th april 2005) Solcomhouse, the power of the people, Impacts of the climate change http://www.solcomhouse.com/Impact.htm (02nd april 2005) UNEP, United Nations Environment Programe, Potential impacts of climate change http://www.grida.no/climate/vital/impacts.htm (20th February 2005) Weather question, What is the greenhouse effect http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_the_greenhouse_effect.htm (22nd march 2005) Wikipedia Free Encyclopedia, definition of Global Warming http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming (25th February 2005) Report ICTP Report (International Center for Theoritical Physics), Modelling the Economic Impact of Climate Change write by Roberto Roson http://www.ictp.trieste.it/~eee/files/WP9%20-%20Roson.pdf (25th February 2005) IPCC Climate change report 2001, Third assessment report http://www.grida.no/climate/ipcc_tar/ (22nd march 2005) IPCC Climate change report 2001, Summary for policymaker http://www.ipcc.ch/pub/reports.htm (22nd march 2005) Ressource for the future, How Much Climate Change Is Too Much, An Economics Perspective, by Jason Shogren and Michael Toman http://www.rff.org/rff/Publications/Resource_Articles.cfm (20th February 2005) United Nations Environment Programme, The cost of the climate change http://www.unep.org/ (8th april 2005) University of Graz, “On the Economics of Climate Change and the Climate Change Economics ” by Stefan P. Schleicher http://www.wifo.ac.at/Stefan.Schleicher/down/ensd/down_ensd.htm (8th april 2005) Books ISON S., PEAKE S. and WALL S. “Environmental Issues and Policies”, Financial Times Prentice Hall, First Edition 2002. [...]
[...] In summary this table show that the worst exposed country are the ones having labour intensive production processes likely to be the developing country The global warming debate The Kyoto protocol signed in December 1997 was a revision of the Rio treaty back in 1992 where the target could not been reach. The Kyoto protocol is an amendment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and moreover an International treaty on the global warming. This protocol aims to involve the developed and developing country in the reduction of emission of greenhouse gas and carbon as well. [...]
[...] The carbon tax is imposed on an input basis for the three fossil fuels – coal, oil and gas – in proportion to their carbon content. However this alternative open the debate between the con and pro of the carbon taxes on the part of the energy, and this tax would need some political regulatory decisions. That's why some scheme as the one proposed by the European Community is a hybrid system including energy/carbon tax. The different UE country has different on the base of a hybrid systems based on the taxes. [...]
[...] This idea can be then represent in the following graph: Figure 5. The market for tradable permits (Source: Environmental Issues and Policies, p89) This graph draws the relation between the level of emissions and number of permits with their prices. Qs represent the “socially optimum number” of permits supplied and then the market for permits will established an equilibrium price P1 which will result in the appropriate level of pollution abatement (QsQp). In this case the number of permits would have previously been agreed (e.g. [...]
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