The organization of the world has been changing for the past few decades. Besides the nation sates, a lot of different forms of organization have been coming up. The development of international relations has brought about the need for organizations which enable cooperation between the national entities. After the First World War, the international society felt the need of gathering around values to guarantee a peaceful world. The states gave birth to the League of Nations in 1919 after the Paris Peace Conference. Post the Second World War the fear of the repeating of such atrocities convinced the states that creating international organization to cooperate with each other was the best way to keep the world pacifist.
Most of the organizations were created aiming at protecting and guaranteeing human rights at the international level. For instance the Charter of the United Nations says: "We the peoples of the United Nations determined to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained (...)to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security" . At the regional level, the Council of Europe in its European Convention on Human Rights, the member states declare: "Reaffirming their profound belief in those fundamental freedoms which are the foundation of justice and peace in the world and are best maintained on the one hand by an effective political democracy and on the other by a common understanding and observance of the human rights upon which they depend ; Being resolved, as the governments of European countries which are like minded and have a common heritage of political traditions, ideals, freedom and the rule of law, to take the first steps for the collective enforcement of certain of the rights stated in the Universal Declaration" . The other intention of these organizations was to become stronger by being unified.
[...] Is the European Union a Federation, a Confederation or a unique and new form of state? But the first question to be answered is: what is a state? After qualifying the European Union, I will focus on the supranational aspect of it and see to what extend the European Union could be a “super state”. What is a State? The definition of a state has been evolving over the centuries, by going through the traditional and the modern definition of a State I will try to define the European Union The origins of the State The birth of the state, in the broadest sense of the word, coincides with the rise of civilization. [...]
[...] Indeed, the treaty on a Constitution for Europe is supposed to clarify the demarcation of responsibilities between the Union and the Member states, the status of the Charter on fundamental rights of the EU and the role of national parliaments in relation to the institutions of the European Union. Even though the peoples of Europe do not represent a European people, they are European citizens and can be seen as a determined population. Defining the European territory is more complex. [...]
[...] As this viewpoint did not prevail in the early years of the U.S., it could reasonably be considered to be a super state in that period of its history The European Union, a super state? As seen above, a super state is an agglomeration of nations; the European Union is, as it has been already said, a group a nation-states which have transferred a piece of their sovereignty to the organization. The nation- states are still sovereign in some issue areas, the main fields transferred to the Union are economy, tax law and free movement of goods, persons and services. [...]
[...] With this European monetary system, the European Union is the first international organization created possessing a relevant piece of sovereignty transferred by its Member states concerning money matters. The ability of stamping money is usually one of the missions of the nation- state and the money has been symbol sovereignty since the creation of the state. The treaty for a Constitution of Europe was going to push the integration further with first of all, a treaty called Constitution; it is supposed to provide more democracy and more transparency. [...]
[...] However, one of the documents often quoted on the matter is the Montevideo Convention from 1933, the first article of which states: state as a person of international law should possess the following qualifications: a permanent population; a defined territory; government; and capacity to enter into relations with the other states” According to Francis Fukuyama, the modern state deploys “large armies, taxation powers, and a centralized bureaucracy that could exercise authority over a large territory”[6]. Different doctrines exist concerning the criteria for statehood; however, I will first focus on the principle and objective criteria of the state. [...]
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