The European neighborhood policy

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The European neighborhood policy

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Abstract

In this essay I will deal with the European Neighborhood Policy, through a general overview of what this policy consists in. The most useful source that was used to elaborate on this subject is the website of the European Commission, which is one of the major players in the implementation of the European Neighborhood Policy. The European Neighborhood policy consists of an important action in the external relations of the European Union, even though it is a quite recent policy, as it was first outlined in March 2003 in the Commission Communication on Wider Europe. This policy is really new and original concerning the external relations of the European Union. Indeed before 2004 enlargement the EU had no concrete or coherent policy towards its neighbors. Each member-state of EU was following its own political line, towards the neighbor countries on which he had the most influence. For example France was applying its own policy towards the North African countries in the name of EU, Spain was responsible of the policy towards the South American States, and the British aim was to have better relations with the United States and at the same time Germany was trying to represent the interests of the Eastern European countries.

Introduction
Definition of the European Neighborhood Policy
The countries part of the European Neighborhood Policy
The instruments of the European Neighborhood Policy
Conclusion
Bibliography

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[...] With the creation of the European Neighborhood and Partnership instrument that we have mentioned in our first part, the budget given to the European Neighborhood policy has know important evolutions in the direction of a real growth of the funds given for it. Before 2007 the financial support for the European Neighborhood Policy was shared between the different instruments it used billion euros were given for the European Neighborhood Policy for the budgetary period 2000-2006, shared between MEDA with 5.5 billion euros, TACIS with 2.3 billion euros and other programs with 0.5 billion euros. [...]

[...] The fact that Russia is not included in the European Neighborhood Policy is a real political sign from the European Union. The European Union considers Russia as a ‘Strategic Partner', to show that the powers, history and importance of Russia are taken in account by the European Union, and that it is not considered as a normal neighbor of the European Union. However with the end of TACIS, the European Neighborhood and Partnership Instrument has become the funding instrument of the Strategic Partnership with Russia, for example for the implementation of the priorities identified in the road maps, as for the cross-border cooperation. [...]

[...] To conclude the development of the European neighborhood policy is a quite logical consequence of the last EU enlargements. We can think that it was a good decision to implement this policy and to develop a real partnership that takes in account all countries interests with the new neighbors of the European Union. Indeed if not developing this partnership, the risk could have been to provoke the emergence of strong dividing lines between the European Union and its neighbors and thus to create a kind of new ‘iron curtain' which would have been a real threat for the European security. [...]

[...] In 2004 the Commission Strategy Paper on the European Neighborhood Policy was adopted by the Council. The context where the European Neighborhood policy was developed is important to understand why the Commission and the Council decided to implement this policy. The European Neighborhood policy was developed in 2004 to share the benefits of EU enlargement and to prevent the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged EU with its 25 members and its new neighbors, and to strengthen prosperity, security and stability of all countries concerned. [...]

[...] Thus the European Neighborhood policy is the result of the transition from singular policies of each EU member-states towards some of the EU neighbors, to a common European policy concerning all the neighbor countries of the European Union. Now we can go a bit deeper concerning this subject. In first part we will see how the European Neighborhood policy can be defined, that means what are its origins, historical developments and basic principles. Then we will study the countries concerned by the European Neighborhood policy, and see why Russia is not included in the European Neighborhood Policy. [...]

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