Future Opportunities, Threats, Challenges and Goals of the European Union

Alice D.

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Future Opportunities, Threats, Challenges and Goals of the European Union

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Themes

European Union, democracy, sovereignty, Euroskepticism, demography, debt, economic dependence, climate change, migration, security, defense, data protection, political organization, Second World War, European construction, European Coal and Steel Community, European Economic Community, Maastricht Treaty, system of governance, development of populism, technocrats, elected representatives, environmental challenges, balance of payments deficits, public debts, energy security, Lisbon Treaty, global agenda, dictatorship, Pact on Immigration and Asylum, peacekeeping, CSDP Common Security and Defence Policy, EPF European Peace Facility, General Data Protection Regulation, Chinese power

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Abstract

The European Union is the largest and most successful political and economic union in the world, making it a key player. Research on the European Union focuses mainly on its construction, its functioning, the challenges and threats it faces. Our research aims to examine the responsibilities and role of the European Union on its own soil, for its citizens, in its own organization, while being a major regional actor in a complex world facing many crucial issues for the future of humanity, for example in terms of demography, environment or security. In this paper, we propose an approach that aims to draw up a state of the art of the opportunities, threats, and challenges both internal and external to the European Union in order to envisage its future.

Crisis and assertion of the European institutional model
1. European-style democracy
2. Economic, social and environmental challenges
The European Union's confrontation with the outside world and its global agenda
1. Migration: an opportunity for Europe?
2. Security, defense and peacekeeping in the digital area where two visions of the world oppose each other

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[...] This challenge is added to the many economic problems that the EU must address. The European Union has been strongly affected by the economic and financial crisis since 2008. The crisis has greatly increased the debt and public deficit, reinforced the strong heterogeneity that characterized the EU, which stems from structural asymmetries in terms of productive specializations, generating differentials in terms of productivity gains, growth and purchasing power (Amiti, 1999). These divergences create a balance of payments deficits and high public debt that led to a sovereign debt crisis (Lane, 2012). [...]

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