We all remember the rebuff of the constitution from France and the Nederland in spring 2005 and the further comments on the event. Many bet on an end of Europe. This refusal called into question Europe that was upset that stopped for a while. Of course, although this reject was not a good point for Europe, regarding the numerous debates that occurred, we observe that euro-citizens wished to appropriate the European issues. Indeed, the vote participation was high (69.37% in France and 64,8% in the Nederland). Though the people felt estranged from the micro bubble from Brussels, Europeans wanted to get involved in constructing Europe. They just wanted to be heard and to make Europe change. The people were on the quest of a public place.
[...] Other figure is also relevant: only 52% of French citizens and of the British think that belonging to the EU is a good thing, like the eurobarometre of spring 07 shows. That leads to a lake of democracy: B No democracy Habermas defines a lake of legitimacy “each time the circle of persons who participate to democratic decisions doesn't correspond with the circle of those who undergo their consequences”. It's what Europe is blamed for. Brussels only refers to a technocratic power that the population doesn't understand. [...]
[...] Europe started to create beneficial programmes to lead to a public space and to make it public: The programme active European citizenship aims at establishing a basic instrument for awarding grants to promote active European citizenship over a three-year period (2004-2006). The programme sets out to support bodies working in the field of active European citizenship and to promote activities in that field. This programme covers particular bodies: Europe" Association ; Jean Monnet house ; Robert Schumann house ; Platform of European social NGOs, European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE). [...]
[...] Other intellectual bring more concrete solutions B the functionalist method, another way to create a common public space For Renaud Dehousse who is the director of the centre of European studies at the cevipof) and teacher at sc-po wrote an essay called The end of Europe where he explains that European citizens don't care institutional reforms, as the referendum in 2005 showed. On the contrary, they expect Europe to give some answers to concrete concerns. He says: wish to live together is a matter of projects more than of institutions Therefore, he recommends coming back to the functionalist method with projects in its heart, the method promoted by Monnet and Delors. [...]
[...] I ask is : how to build a common public place in order to democratize Europe, which is now a priority to make Europe live concretely? I will first explain and present the lake of democracy in Europe that is mixed to a lake of identity and knowledge. Then, I will focus on different theories and concrete solutions proposed to democratize Europe. I Europe in a lame condition : a lake of identity a democracy A - Neither knowledge nor identity Lake of knowledge: First of all, how could you adhere to something you ignore? [...]
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