Sustainable remote work practices for progressive reductions of road traffic emissions

Stella Evelyne T.

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Sustainable remote work practices for progressive reductions of road traffic emissions

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Themes

Remote work practices, reductions of road traffic emissions, RW Remote Work, sustainability, work commuters, traffic volume, road traffic emissions, deforestation, ecosystems destruction, air pollution, land pollution, water pollution, fossil fuel extraction, biodiversity extinction, disruption of food chains, eutrophication, bioaccumulation, greenhouse gasses emissions, global warming, EU European Union, the Netherlands, remote workers, environmental friendly vehicles, society, social distancing, Covid-19, sustainable remote work practices, remote work challenges, job experience, surveys, research, public health regulations, organizations, remote work costs and benefits, greenhouse gasses, Tanzania, management of remote workers

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Abstract

Although technology developments brought about possibilities for all work which could be done remotely to be done remotely within the Netherlands, limitations for additional and sustainable implementation of remote work practices remained.
Secondary research sheds light on the extent to which RW was practiced before the Covid-19 pandemic. However, from the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, organizations have had to overcome the limitations and to allow more employees to work remotely.
The research for this book primarily aimed to understand limitations, opportunities, costs and benefits for additional and sustainable implementation of remote work (RW) practices within the Netherlands. An extension of the research was made to understand comparative RW challenges and barriers which were faced by employees within Tanzania during the same time period.

Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Background to the problem - progressive increase of private transportation usage
Chapter 3. Justification for the problem research
1. Environmental justification
2. Health justification
Chapter 4. Definitions and scope of research
1. Definitions
2. Scope of the research
Chapter 5. Aim | Objectives | Purpose
Chapter 6. Research outline
Chapter 7. Research definition
Chapter 8. The practical problem
Chapter 9: Previously existing relevant knowledge
Chapter 10: Why remote work?
Chapter 11: Covid-19 and remote work
Chapter 12: Remote work (RW) barriers
Chapter 13: Remote work (RW) challenges
Chapter 14: Remote work benefits
Chapter 15: Methodology; Methods, tasks and deliverables
1. Methods
2. Methodology
Chapter 16: Method(s) and techniques selected
Chapter 17: Addressing research objectives
Chapter 18: Rationale for methodology
Chapter 19: Research design
Chapter 20: Ethical consideration
Chapter 21: Analysis and interpretation
Chapter 22: Data analysis
Chapter 23: Data interpretation in relation to the objectives
1. Objective 1: Identifying how organizations influence employees' work commute to work
2. Objective 2: Finding out whether there are barriers for implementation of additional remote work practices
3. Objective 3: Finding out whether there are challenges for making remote work sustainable
4. Objective 4: Identifying opportunities for strengthening remote work practices
5. Objective 5. Identifying the areas for improving the costs and benefits associated with working remotely
Chapter 24: Interpretation in relation to the research aim
1. Remote work (RW) costs and benefits on health as identified by respondents
2. RW costs and benefits on the social-economic
Chapter 25: Conclusions about the objectives
Chapter 26: Conclusions about the research aim
Chapter 27: Implication about the research
Chapter 28: Internal case studies
Chapter 29: Reflection on the experience of the research process

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Extract

[...] For example of the employers who responded selected the option that they will allow their employees to work remotely once or twice a week of the employers who responded selected the option that they will allow their employees to work remotely more than three times a week of the employers selected the option that they will allow their employees to work remotely only when it is necessary of the employers added comments that it will depend on individual and job type of the employers added comments that the `building' is there to be used. While a further 76% of the employers selected the option that they will allow RW for a whole week (full time). The data is simply a sample based in the responses of those who performed the survey. Specific information for each organization could illuminate when determining the level of RW sustainability that has been accomplished or could still be accomplished. Sustainability in the management of employees is an important aspect for sustainable RW. [...]

[...] For instance, family conflicts may arise due to family life negligence related to effects of extended long hours such as fatigues, stress and time management issues. As a social value, RW offers the opportunity to reduce hours spent on preparations and on commuting, thus reducing the total of daily work hours and potentially decreasing work - family time conflicts (Barnes et al., 2011). Organizations can also create social value for societies by promoting social-economic inclusion as an important aspect of sustainability. [...]

[...] With reference to this research as performed during Covid-19 presence, the method has proven to be efficient and safer compared to if semi-structured interviews or case study were used. For example; by creating a poster and handing out business cards to willing survey participants at public places, it was possible to reach 210 people within a time spread of 3 months. I believe the chosen method has been accurate as it reached the relevant target group of individuals. In addition, due to Covid-19 social distancing rule, online survey questionnaires are the most feasible option because giving extended face to face interviews increases health risks and also because employees in most organizations are working remotely therefore they could take a few minutes to fill in a questionnaire once they realized the importance. [...]

[...] No Personal data: Has the research involved collection of personal data? No No significant ethical problems for carrying out research were identified. However, there was concern about the possibility of contacting and spreading Covid-19 because of the necessity of conversing with participants face to face, in order to gain their willingness for participation. Chapter 21. Analysis and interpretation Primary research data was collected by using https://www.sogosurvey.com/ [HYPERLINK: https://www.sogosurvey.com/]survey tools and thereafter raw data was downloaded and then compiled in an easy-to-read presentation. [...]

[...] Retaining the additional RW practices and making RW sustainable offer opportunities for progressive reduction of costs related to road traffic emissions. Employers are the main decision makers in relation to RW as they implement organization policies and make decisions about work practices, however during Covid-19 external organizations such as the ministry of health in the Netherlands have shown their influence and managed to break down organization remote work barriers. Nevertheless existing challenges still influence employees and employers decisions in relation to remote work. [...]

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