The air transport industry uses air craft to transport people, cargo, and mail. Civil aviation includes two major categories; first one is the scheduled air transport, which includes passenger and cargo flights operating on regularly-scheduled routes; and general aviation, including all other civil flights, private and commercial.
The air transport industry supports a wide range of businesses. These include independent maintenance and repair shops, food restaurants, fuelling services travel and the tourism industry.
Before 11th of September 2001 the industry was profitable, since then it has incurred massive losses exceeding US $40 billion. The biggest annual loss was US $13 billion in 2001. Efficiency increases have seen a bottom line. Since 2007, it has been having positive profit. This is due to the fact that the international traffic has increased by 37% since 2001 (this is still 5% below the prediction made before 11th of September). But this growth leads to environmental consequences. Hopefully, we see that although airline capacity has growth by 19% in the past five years, consumption of jet fuel has risen by just 10%. And the air transport's contribution to climate change is small: 2% of global C02 emissions but supports nearly 8% of global GDP. But this number, even if apparently small should not be satisfied by it and still try to reduce it. IATA (International Air Transport Association) promised 25% reduction in fuel consumption in 2005, for 2020. We will see if they are going to meet this goal.
[...] (It was done by the British Airways) - By rising fuel efficiency or using alternative ones (use of solar power or bio fuel) - By building lighter and more aerodynamic planes - By improving engine capacity - By sharing the air space more freely or using radar GPS (such that the airplanes use more direct routes) - Airplane industry supports the environmental improvement, which British Airways did in China and Brazil for example, by making flight carbon neutral, by donating money to a forestry project that will counterbalance the greenhouse gases created IATA's (International Air Transport Association) proposal: In a short term point of view, we must cut up to 18% of aviation fuel (which comes from inefficient infrastructure and operations). [...]
[...] - From 1992, the air transport has contributed to of the global warming. Greenhouse effect, the pollution of the airplanes, the ozone layer becoming thinner, acid rains, deteriorates the health of people the C02 emission is high by burning 1kg kerosene rises 1.25 kg of water in the high atmosphere (over 9 thousand meters), it freezes the freezing water creates Cirrus clouds it arises the temperature of the earth growing comes together with 0.2 growth) when the N0x comes in connection with 03 (ozone layer) it divides this atom into two parts and so the ozone layer becomes thinner. [...]
[...] Part III: Potential external and internal environmental risks to the air transport industry Concerning the external environmental risks, there are for example aviation accidents. Which could be caused by pilot error missing the record mechanical failure weather and sabotage: bomb, hijackings, other human errors and other causes Accidents and Fatalities by Phase of Flight Source: Statistical Summary of Commercial Jet Airplane Accidents, Boeing Concerning the internal environmental risks, there are results of, for example, management decisions in the air transport industry. [...]
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