"Fascism was the first mass-mobilizing development dictatorship that provided a frank, complete, and relatively coherent rationale for totalitarianism." Actually, Mussolini's doctrine of delayed industrialization was the first to openly affirm "the reality of production and the reality of the Nation." Contrary to any Marxist revolution, Fascism claimed nationalism and totalitarianism as part of the developmental process, and they decided to maintain the class structure as preserved as possible. What we want to do is to show how this Regime can be conceived as paradigmatic of the other Revolutions the last Century encountered. First, we will detail the historic and cognitive features of Italian Fascism. Then we will study its ideological foundations. And finally we will determinate how far Italian Fascism can be applied to the other revolutions as paradigmatic.
[...] This accumulation is generally sustained by the payment of bare subsistence wages, as developed by Marx[xviii] about Europe throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth Centuries, or even by slavery, as in the United States. We thus can see that the early developers, the bourgeois countries are responsible in a generic sense, they did violate civil rights in their developmental stages. The consequences of this era are still observable. The former colonized countries developed a great dependence upon the country that took them over. [...]
[...] Secondly, they are very inefficient and wasteful systems; they thus consume resources in giant leaps and bounds. The Nazis called ‘Lebensraum' the space they need to occupy, just for sustaining their own needs and giving the people enough property Plus, expansion is often part of a broader national goal; the totalitarian states, as we saw before, often aim to recover an ancient greatness. The ‘irredant lands' claimed by Italy are a great example of the will to expand, both for strategic and symbolic reasons. [...]
[...] ‘democracy, compromise and negotiation deflecting the promise and damping the ideal tension productive of myth.”[vi] That is what Mussolini appealed to during his raise to power and his government. When Mussolini came to power, the so-called ‘Manchestrian state' remained relatively moderate: the control over the society was minimal. However, after the assassination of Mateotti, the Fascist Grand Council announced that all the forces of the nation would thereafter be “integrated into the life of the state”[vii]. It is after that period that we can observe the most flagrant traits of Fascism. [...]
[...] Concretely speaking, by unifying an entire folk in a totalitarian state, by spreading the same system of belief across the different classes, by gathering these classes in common institutions, it creates a genuine unity among the people. The state must have an overall control on whichever part of each citizen's life, and arbitrate what is permitted or proscribed. In that, it creates a national vocabulary of values and goals, and enables the identification of each to the state. This totalitarianism revealed to be the core of the whole Fascist ideology and doctrine. Since Italian Fascism, many revolutionary movements have featured the same totalitarian characteristic, which allows us to speak of Italian Fascism as a generic Fascism. [...]
[...] In turn, Fascism, keeping the class structure intact, benefited from the existing skills and launched a high rate of grow and development. Plus, the South-East dragons showed that capitalist countries accept the new competitors and the technology transfer to them, as the Chinese example can show us. As a conclusion, “Fascism arises from a sense of profound and protracted group humiliation, often a direct or indirect result of economic retardation Marxist-Leninist were to exploit essentially the same sentiments.”[xvi] That is why we can qualify Italian fascism as paradigmatic. [...]
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