Sustainable Tourism in Croatia - How Does Croatia Operate its Shift Towards a More Sustainable Economy Through Tourism?

Johanna T.

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Sustainable Tourism in Croatia - How Does Croatia Operate its Shift Towards a More Sustainable Economy Through Tourism?

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Tourism in Croatia, tourism, Croatia, Dubrovnik, Split, Stari Grad, Sibenik, Primorsko-Goranska, Zagreb, tourismophobia, UNESCO, European Union

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Abstract

In 1800, there were 900 million human beings on earth. In 2020, the Earth is home to 7.8 billion people. This strong population growth is accompanied by an increase in demand for goods and services and production methods that cause environmental and social disorders.
In the 1970s, many experts and scientists sounded the alarm about the impact of human activity on the planet. Since the Industrial Revolution, our society has experienced unprecedented development, but without really measuring the consequences of its lifestyle. To this were added:
- The acceleration of trade with the rest of the world (globalisation);
- Increasing inequalities between rich and poor countries;
- Population growth forecasts of 10 billion people on the planet by 2100.
Today 80% of natural resources are consumed by 20% of the world's population. This creates areas of great wealth and great poverty. In some parts of the world, people do not have access to clean water, health care, education and decent paid work.

The tourism market in Croatia
1. Tourism, an essential sector for the Croatian economy
2. The development of the tourism sector over the years
3. Assets that explain the growing tourist attractiveness of Croatia
The challenges of the tourism market in Croatia
1. Mass tourism: A tourist frenzy with big perverse effects
2. An extremely seasonal market
3. A lack of skilled labour
The development of a more sustainable tourism that meets the challenges of the Croatian tourism market
1. Eco-tourism: another way to travel
2. What is implemented to ensure a more responsible tourism?
3. The example of two key players in the tourism market

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[...] About 150 litres of fuel are spent each year to heat and cool a single hotel room in Croatia; a tourist consumes about 1,500 litres of fuel during his stay in the room. Tourism calls for clean energy and an efficient energy sector. The Croatian energy sector is based mainly on oil and gas. About two thirds of primary energy consumption comes from oil and gas are generated by petroleum. At the start of the 21st century, natural gas accounted for just under 25% of the country's total energy balance. [...]

[...] Likewise, big hotel group adopt a more eco-responsible policy, like for example, the Radisson Hotels group. The group's responsible actions are numerous: - The launch of an employability program carried out in partnership with local hotels which aims to offer disadvantaged young people (17 to 24 years old) the opportunity to learn a range of skills in different services. - the installation of LED bulbs in its establishments to reduce electricity consumption - Installation of a system to reduce water use by 30% - Radisson BLU in Dubrovnik has a green roof and an ocean-cooled air conditioning system. [...]

[...] Given the quality and clarity of its waters, Croatia attracts many amateurs and professionals of diving. The coasts offer underwater reliefs between 25 metres and 1300 metres deep where experienced divers and amateurs can discover the endemic fauna and flora species of the Adriatic, but also some of the stranded wrecks, galleys, boats and other planes grounded. Croatia has several ideal snorkelling spots such as: Kornati National Park, Dugi Otok Island or Lastovo Island in South Dalmatia. Many other sustainable activities are offered to tourists during their stay in Croatia such as canyoning, horse riding, kayaking All these activities are eco-friendly and in harmony with nature, they don't destroy or pollute the environment, so it goes without saying that those who practise these activities must comply with the basic rules of conduct in nature. [...]

[...] Some 2,000 companies in the hotel and catering sector are involved in this process. Some are fully privatised, the majority only partially (the minority is a minority within these companies) and others remain public. This process is still ongoing today in the hotel sector. In 2013, according to the Croatian privatisation fund, an organisation created in 1993 and responsible for selling state assets are the majority shareholders of the state and the latter is a minority shareholder in 107 companies in the sector. [...]

[...] Once awarded the Blue Flag, the beaches do their best to continue to gain this recognition year after year, and in most cases they do it quite well. In addition, additional verification visits are carried out to ensure that the certification criteria are still met after the award of the blue flag. In 2014, Croatia had 117 beaches and marinas awarded the Blue flag label. Most of these beaches are located on the coasts of Istria in the west of the country. [...]

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