Populism, behavior, cultural identity, economic, election, populist parties, activists, supporters, ideologists, democracy
To rigorously investigate whether party systems experiencing a rise of populism exhibit a shift towards polarization along cultural and identity lines rather than traditional economic divisions, a comprehensive research program utilizing a multi-method approach would be most appropriate. Therefore, in order to properly check whether the swinging of party systems towards polarization along cultural and identity lines arises rather than traditional economic divisions, a research program combining several approaches would be most efficient. It would be carried out by a mixed methods approach that would put a focus on both the general patterns and the particular behaviors encountered when hypothesizing and testing this connection between the different nations.
[...] Populism, democracy, and party system change in Europe. Annual Review of Political Science, 24, 471-498. Zulianello, M. (2020). Varieties of populist parties and party systems in Europe: From state-of-the-art to the application of a novel classification scheme to 66 parties in 33 countries. Government and Opposition, 55(2), 327-347. [...]
[...] One may ask whether it is honestly capable of accurate reflection of the concept. Adopting a multi-stranded approach of expert survey, quantitative vote share analysis and discourse content analysis is employment of which technique can aid in avoiding the definitional problems. Moreover, since the data about observational type is always difficult to use for making causal inferences in relation to the impact of populism on polarization and division in the community, one should take into account a lot of the prominent factors and secular trends that influence the emergence and strengthening of populist forces (Zulianello p 329). [...]
[...] Many scholars have developed debates concerning the proper method of researching the assumed link between populism and cultural/identity bipolarity in contemporary party systems. However, among different research techniques, a consistent multi-method design using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches across a few select cases is one of the most potent methods for systematically investigating this relationship. The findings would have profound implications for how we understand the drivers of partisan realignment, democratic deconsolidation and societal conflict in an era increasingly marked by populist upheaval across established democracies. References Karlson, N. (2023). Populism: Defining Characteristics. ResearchGate; unknown. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49074-3_2 Lee, F. E. [...]
[...] Testing a Hypothesis - Consequences of a Rise of Populism To rigorously investigate whether party systems experiencing a rise of populism exhibit a shift towards polarization along cultural and identity lines rather than traditional economic divisions, a comprehensive research program utilizing a multi-method approach would be most appropriate. Therefore, in order to properly check whether the swinging of party systems towards polarization along cultural and identity lines arises rather than traditional economic divisions, a research program combining several approaches would be most efficient. [...]
[...] (2020). Populism and the American party system: Opportunities and constraints. Perspectives on Politics, 18(2), 370-388. Urbinati, N. (2019). Political Theory of Populism. Annual Review of Political Science, 111-127. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050317-070753 Vachudova, M. A. (2021). [...]
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