Artificial intelligence, artificial neuron, machine learning, RPA Robotic Process Automation, digitalization, digital technologies, digital revolution, Robert Solow, desynchronization, delocalization, ICT Information Communication Technology, teleworking, virtual workshop, remote operation, collaborative work, cooperative work, collective intelligence, Pierre Lévy, Manfred Mack, Jeremy Rifkin, TRI Third Industrial Revolution, renewable energy, intelligent network, interoperability, data protection, data pollution, ANSSI National Agency for the Security of Information Systems
ICT is a major technological change whose effects have only begun to be measured for about ten years. Beyond the appearance of new activities related to ICT, such as start-ups, online shops for example, digital technologies have considerably facilitated the production and exchange of information. The modes of global economic organization have been profoundly modified, as we have seen with the financial crisis of 2008. This upheaval is also reflected in companies and other production entities. It also results in a general change in jobs and skills. It is therefore a question of analyzing, from a more global perspective, the impact of the digital revolution on productivity and economic growth, returning in particular to the "paradox of productivity" stated by Robert Solow.
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Recent technological advances in the field of ICT have allowed the appearance of new collaborative work tools and at the same time have given rise to concepts such as collective intelligence, which is very often linked to the notion of collaborative work.
In the sense of Pierre Lévy, collective intelligence is "an intelligence distributed everywhere, constantly valued, coordinated in real time, which results in a "full" mobilization of skills. [...] Collective intelligence refers to the intelligence achieved at different collective levels of the organization, if not in the organization as a whole.
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AI is not a recent concern and the desire to create intelligence similar to human intelligence has already been the subject of much debate long before the arrival of computing. The myth of the Golem, the creation of automatons testifies to the fascination of man faced with the possibility of reproducing, imitating, creating an artefact endowed with intelligence, even consciousness.
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Digital pollution: does reference to the negative environmental impact of the increasing use of digital technologies, such as computers, smartphones, data servers and data processing centres.
This form of pollution manifests in several forms, including high energy consumption, generation of electronic waste, consumption of non-renewable resources, emission of greenhouse gases, and degradation of air quality.
[...] The cybercriminal often exploits known vulnerabilities (security flaw), but not patched in the site. Visible or much more discreet for the visitor, the successful achievement of the site can take different forms: addition of information on a page or complete replacement of a page by a claim. WATERING HOLE ATTACK: The "watering hole" technique consists of tricking a legitimate online site in order to infect the equipment of visitors to the sector of activity targeted by the attacker. Objective: to discreetly infiltrate the computers of personal working in a sector of activity or a targeted organization to recover data. [...]
[...] These energies are still only a small part of the energy mix, but they are developing rapidly, their costs are falling, making them more competitive, especially if we internalize the environmental and security costs in the so-called "classic" sources (oil, gas, coal and nuclear) The reconfiguration of infrastructures and buildings (180 million buildings in Europe alone) into mini power stations collecting in situ renewable energies for the benefit of decentralized energy production, close to the places where they are needed need. Technological breakthroughs are already making it possible to multiply positive energy buildings. Enormous commercial and economic implications relate to the sectors of real estate, buildings and public works and other industries. [...]
[...] Collaborative work The distinction between cooperative work and collaborative work can be made by differentiating the existing relationships between the members of the group (obligation or freedom), the responsibility engaged or not of each one in relation to the actions (responsibility delegated to the coordinator or constantly shared) , the ability of each person to influence the definition and sequence of actions to achieve the objective assigned to the group. Collaborative work does not depend on an a priori distribution of roles. In fact, collaboration means a collective work situation where tasks and goals are common. Each member of the group thus works on the same points. It will indeed rather be a question here of merging individual contributions into action. [...]
[...] and water. Digital activities such as browsing the Internet, streaming online videos, producing digital data, designing websites and managing data servers consume a considerable amount of energy, mainly produced from fossil fuels , which contributes to air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gases. An increasingly digital world ::Digitalization in perpetual growth ::Consumer of energy and natural resources ::With rapid obsolescence ::The climate/digital generation paradox Digital sobriety: a solution A necessary education of citizens ::Devices to limit energy consumption ::Eco-design: consists of integrating environmental protection from the design of goods or services. [...]
[...] via the site after sharing information). Cookies "cookie" is a series of information, generally of small size and identified by a name, which can be transmitted to your browser by a website on which you connect. Your web browser will keep it for a certain period of time, and send it back to the web server each time you reconnect to it. Cookies have multiple uses: they can be used to memorize your customer identifier with a merchant site, the current content of your shopping cart, an identifier allowing you to trace your navigation for statistical or advertising purposes, etc. [...]
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