Child labor -Latin America-Economic activities
Child labor can be defined as any practice that involves employing children in economic activities either on permanent full time or semi permanent part time basis. It involves the violation the minimum age laws and include the excruciating abuse such as child trafficking, forced labor, child slavery and illegal activities such as sexual exploitation (Sighn, 1990). The effects of child labor are adverse leading to the destruction of a child's mental, physical and emotional well-being. Child labor prevents the children from going to school and getting education that can make them realize their full potential. Child labor in general undermines the labor standards in various industries around the world (Burra, 1997)
According to International Labor Organization, there are over 215 million child laborers all over the world. Asia leads with over 114 million (53%) followed by Sub Saharan Africa with 65 million (30%).
Latin America has 14 million (7%) child laborers. India to be specific has the largest prevalence of child labor cases around the world. The children who are aged between 5 and 14 years of age as per the 2001 national census where 12.6 million out of 253 million children were in engaged in child labor. Among the 12.6 million children, 120000 worked in hazardous jobs (Wikipedia, 2014).
[...] Child Labor in India Outline Child Labor in India 1. Introduction What is child labor Background information on child labor in India Legislation in India against child labor 2. Social perspective of child labor in India a. How does the following social aspects lead to child labor caste system lead to child labor unfair distribution of national resources bonded labor high prevalence of corruption tolerance of child labor by parents high illiteracy levels 3. Economic perspective of child labor in India Growth of the informal sector Poor allocation of resources High level of unemployment Globalization and entry of multinational companies 4. [...]
[...] Child laborers are exposed to relatively high rates of injuries and health problems (Wikipedia, 2014). Children are exposed to pesticides that are dangerous and toxic, as a result, children have difficulty in breathing and acquire skin injuries. Sharp tools used pose a risk to the children since they may injure themselves by cutting their bodies (Forbes, 2014). Lack of sanitary services such as clean water for drinking, toilets or hand washing facilities expose the children to diseases as well as a poisonous consumption of chemicals. [...]
[...] Some of the jobs require skills to operate machines that the children may not know or have enough knowledge to operate the machines leading to injuries (Child labor in India - Causes & consequences, 2002). The children's' level of training and supervision in the work places is inadequate. The supervisors do not offer adequate training to the children to the point that they are able to work safely in the industries. The supervision is minimal in that the supervisors cannot detect and prevent accidents. The level of experienced adds up the lack of supervision and skills. [...]
[...] Among the 12.6 million children worked in hazardous jobs (Wikipedia, 2014). The agricultural sector in India is the highest employer of child labor represented by 60% of the child labor population. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, it estimates that the Indian agricultural sector deploys 70% of child labor in its activities. Other than agriculture, other informal sectors of the Indian economy have made use of the child labor. Some of the Indian companies such as Primark and Gap have been criticized of using child labor in their products. [...]
[...] (2000). Child labour in India : Oxford University Press, USA. Sighn. (1990). Child labour in India: Problems in CONCEPUTALISATION Dr. SURESH BABU - Academia.edu. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/724634/CHILD_LABOUR_IN_INDIA_PROBLEMS_IN_CONCEP UTALISATION Links Child labor quick facts - South Asia's rug industry. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.goodweave.org/child_labor_campaign/facts Child labour in India - Issues and concerns. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.childlineindia.org.in/child-labour-india.htm Child labour in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). [...]
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