Waste products involve a wide range of terms that encompasses most of the unwanted materials and includes, scrap materials, effluent or any unwanted surplus substance or article that needs to be disposed since it is broken, unusable, and worn out. Wastes can be categorized in to controlled wastes, commercial wastes, composting, household wastes, industrial wastes, landfill sites and radioactive wastes. Waste is, therefore, part of our economy and a byproduct of people economic activities like industries, government and households. It is also an input to economic activity and its management has economic implications such as increased production in our economy, government expenditure and health environment (Middleton, 2008, p. 67).
The past methods of municipal solid waste disposal for years included burning the garbage, dumping it, changing it into something that can be reused once more and minimizing the amount of material goods (future garbage).
Dumping has been the most popular means of disposing garbage from prehistory to the present. Solid waste disposal in the past was less of a problem due to the wide availability of unused land; trash was usually discarded in open dumps. Today, with industrialization, waste disposal has become a main problem due to urbanization process (Wang & Nie, 2001, p. 256).
It becomes evident that most of the waste products dumped are unused resources and once these resources are used effectively, it can help in reducing the amount of wastes products thrown. People have sat on significant resources which would have been used to improve their wellbeing and performance, but often these resources go unused and could be better harnessed.
[...] Waste is, therefore, part of our economy and a byproduct of people economic activities like industries, government and households. It is also an input to economic activity and its management has economic implications such as increased production in our economy, government expenditure and health environment (Middleton p. 67). The past methods of municipal solid waste disposal for years included burning the garbage, dumping it, changing it into something that can be reused once more and minimizing the amount of material goods (future garbage). [...]
[...] Wastes constitute a significant secondary source of resources. Many policies target the reuse and recycling of these wastes to ensure that the available resources are effectively utilized. There exists recycling policies that increase resource generation from wastes in most of the economically beneficial ways like wastes treatment standards (Weitz p. 1005). In conclusion, the earth's natural resources are finite and once utilized properly, it becomes evident that they will be fully exhausted reducing the amount of wastes thrown. Natural resources are fundamental to life and resource efficiency is on top of the US political agenda as one of the main elements to achieve a smart and inclusive growth. [...]
[...] Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics and Management in China, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 51:2, 250-263. Weitz, A., Thorneloe, S., Nishtala, S., Yarkosky, S. & Zannes, M. (2002). The Impact of Municipal Solid Waste Management on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the United States, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 52:9, 1000-1011. [...]
[...] 1003), many countries like Africa and Asia have inadequate surface water resources due to reduced water monitoring programs. Water runoffs and lack of measures to utilize effectively ground water means that these are unused resources lacking innovative measures to make use of ground water and also limit water runoffs. Water quality monitoring programs lack in most of the developing nations and safeguarding human health has remained a challenge for decades. Research shows that poor quality water as well as unsustainable supplies hinder economic growth and lead to adverse health and livelihood conditions. [...]
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