Lab Rotation, medial scientists, Phantom limb
For a long time, the medial scientists have tussled with the baffling incidence of many people who feel phantom limb pain in post-amputation with others not experiencing such pain. Although they have unearthed that phantom limb pain severity varies, from mild to extreme pain. In this far, the causes of Phantom limb pain are undefined yet, though there are possible factors that cause the pain in the affected area. Particularly, despite the absence of the limb, the nerve endings at the site maintain their role of transmitting pain signals to the brain. Consequently, this makes brain retain a sensory map interpreted that the limb is present causing phantom limb pain. Occasionally, the brain memory retains the signal and interprets it as pain, regardless of the nature of injured nerves with varying symptoms for different people. Some people feel it as shooting, stabbing, tingling, cramping, heat, and cold in the position of amputation (Cone, 2008).
Given that the symptoms are all different owing to varying causes, no success of exhaustive treatment has been reported across the entire healthcare sector. Particularly, although more than 70 methods of treating phantom limb pain have been identified; successful treatment of persistent types of pain is not commonly reported (DeLisa, Gans, & Walsh, 2005). Our lab group hypothesized that genetic material can be different between people who feel phantom limb pain and people who do not experience phantom limb pain.
[...] Following that, the sample is kept at room temperature for 10 minutes to allow the DNA fully precipitate. The sample tube is put in the micro centrifuge in a known orientation and subsequently centrifuged at room temperature for 4 minutes at 13000 rpm. At this stage, the RESEARCH PAPER supernatant containing ethanol is carefully removed with a pipette tip and discarded. Again microL of 70% ethanol are added to the sample tube containing pellets, and left uninterrupted for a minute as a wash to remove residual inhibitors. [...]
[...] Some people feel it as shooting, stabbing, tingling, cramping, heat, and cold in the position of amputation (Cone, 2008). Given that the symptoms are all different owing to varying causes, no success of exhaustive treatment has been reported across the entire healthcare sector. Particularly, although more than 70 methods of treating phantom limb pain have been identified; successful treatment of persistent types of pain is not commonly reported (DeLisa, Gans, & Walsh, 2005). Our lab group hypothesized that genetic material can be different between people who feel phantom limb pain and people who do not experience phantom limb pain. [...]
[...] A., Gans, B. M., & Walsh, N. E. (2005). Physical medicine and rehabilitation medicine: Principles and Practice ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Jensen, T., Watson, P., & Haythornthwaite, J. A. (2008). Chronic Pain (Vol. 2). [...]
[...] At this juncture it is essential to point out that, the supernatant should be transferred to another tube. Remarkably, when transferring the supernatant is partially done where it contains no DNAs, it is evident that there are no DNA pellets in the tube at the end of the purification stage leading to erroneous results. RESEARCH PAPER Bibliography Cole, J. (2004). Phantom limb pain. Retrieved July from http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/en/pain/microsite/medicine2.html Cone, R. E. (2008). A New Treatment for Phantom Limb Pain?: A Tri-partite Mirror Apparatus and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. San diego: Alliant International University. DeLisa, J. [...]
[...] This observation may be explained on an account of mistakes arising in the successive steps throughout the method. This affirms that the process demands a higher degree of accuracy to avoid inclusion of foreign bodies which may curtail accomplishment of the intended goal. Afterwards, the mixed sample is left incubated on ice for approximately ten minutes before successive centrifuged for another five minutes. Till when the mixed sample is left to settle after the 5 minutes of centrifugation process, that pellets and supernatant are visible. [...]
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