Opposition, apartheid, African Rights
It was founded in 1912, was composed of the chiefs who had acquired importance during the tribal resistance to European domination, by the year 1943 remained harmonious relations with whites, always in the line that the tribal chiefs wanted. This year he adopts the claims and statements of African Rights, stating that blacks have indisputable right to full citizenship. These events take body performing boycotts of non-cooperation and civil disobedience. From the 1950s, the Disobedience Campaign was held to racial laws and practices of apartheid, during this period 8,000 participants were arrested. This campaign is generalized in burning of safe conduct, boycott transport, daily march of the African to the suburbs to drive out of the job.
The African government still inexcusable and intolerable, every black manifestation, the government responded with arrests and killings, not only the leaders, but the participants too. From the 1960s, we can see that the ANC becomes illegal and armed actions; they had in mind that the population would not much beyond that fight for their rights. The headquarters of the ANC was discovered and gunfights had to be taken only in the 1970s (Comitini, 1980).
[...] The UN calls for the immediate release of the prisoners who were accused of various crimes. During the trial of Mandela, he explained to the jury, which was one of the founders of the Spear of the Nation and that its purpose was not violence, but to defend the legitimacy position of blacks and a pluriracial living in South Africa. Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment, his wife began in the 80s a movement to either his arrest was softened. In 1985, President P. [...]
[...] In this context even in the 1960s stands Bantu Stephen Biko. His performance was quite different from Mandela, because he was not very focused on a custom fight but run by many. When he entered the University of Medicine became involved with politics and gave up, engaged in student organizations disseminating his ideas on Black Consciousness (this movement aimed to raise awareness among young people of a possible fight for freedom). The Black Consciousness sought above all to show the black value in society and that this recognition did, it was not necessary to go against the whites, yes ma appreciate and accept not being submissive because of the color. [...]
[...] Sao Paulo: Brasiliense Comitini, Carlos. Africa burns: struggles of African peoples for freedom. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Codecri 1980. CORNEVIN, Marianne. Apartheid, power and historical falsification. Lisbon: Editions LOPES, Maria Marta. The Apartheid. Sao Paulo: Current MAGNOLI, Demetrius. South Africa: racism as an institution internal conflicts and external pressures the future of South Africa 4. [...]
[...] ed . London: Context PEREIRA, José Francisco. Apartheid white horror in South Africa, Sao Paulo: Brasiliense, 1988. [...]
[...] This campaign is generalized in burning of safe conduct, boycott transport, daily march of the African to the suburbs to drive out of the job. The African government still inexcusable and intolerable, every black manifestation, the government responded with arrests and killings, not only the leaders, but the participants too. From the 1960s, we can see that the ANC becomes illegal and armed actions; they had in mind that the population would not much beyond that fight for their rights. [...]
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