First of all, we should know what hormones are. They are the chemicals which are used to regulate total body metabolism, growth and reproduction by affecting their target tissue or organs. Each hormone has their different levels and special effects on their “specific target tissue, organs or system” but all of them are secreted to blood by endocrine gland.
About spermatogenesis, this is the process of creating spermatozoa from the spermatogonia. After mitosis process, spermatogonia will become primary spermatocytes. These cells then go to first meiosis division to form secondary spermatocytes and continue to form spermatids by second meiosis division. Finally, spermatids will mature to become spermatozoa.
As we know, in males, normally the period from 12 – 16 years old is puberty. This is the time for a boy to grow up, or speak clearly; the reproductive system is starting to mature. During puberty, spermatogenesis require two hormones, are FSH (follicle – stimulating hormones) and Testosterones (male sex hormones, but also exist in female, just different amount). After this time, only testosterones can maintain spermatogenesis and function of reproductive organs.
[...] When the level of testosterones is rising (the normal level of testosterones in male is 300 -1,200 ng/dL = nanograms per deciliter), GnRH production from hypothalamus will decrease, make the reduction of LH, or the negative feedback will affect directly in anterior pituitary, reduce the secretion of LH and then, testosterones secretion is decreasing. Conversely, testosterone level decreases will stimulate the hormones secretion in hypothalamus and anterior pituitary; make the production of GnRH and LH increase. About FSH secretion, this hormones level is controlled by Inhibin. [...]
[...] Before puberty, especially during the fetal development, testosterone is produced for the development of male sex organs but it is secreted in the low levels and FSH is inhibited by Inhibin to prevent spermatogenesis. During puberty, testosterones level is rising and enter to spermatogenesis to complete the meiosis division and prepare for the mature of spermatids. After that, at the maturation stage of spermatids to form spermatozoa, FSH acts on Stertoli cell to initiate the spermatogenesis together with testosterones. After the puberty, FSH is not needed for continuation of spermatogenesis any more. Image from: Widmaier, Eric.P, Raff, Hershel & Strang, Kevin T. [...]
[...] Reference list: Fox, Stuart Ira (2002) Human Physiology, Seventh Edition, America, New York: McGraw Hill Katz, VL, Lentz, GM., Lobo, RA & Gershenson, DM. (2007) Comprehensive Gynecology, Fifth Edition, Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier. Martini, Frederic H., Bartholomew, Edwin F (2010) Essentials of ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY, Fifth Edition, San Francisco: Pearson Education, Inc. McPherson, RA and Pincus, MR. (2006) Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods, 21st Edition, Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. Widmaier, Eric.P, Raff, Hershel & Strang, Kevin T. (2008) Vander's human physiology: Mechanisms of body function, Eleventh Edition, America, New York: McGraw Hill. [...]
[...] The hormonal controls spermatogenesis First of all, we should know what hormones are. They are the chemicals which are used to regulate total body metabolism, growth and reproduction by affecting their target tissue or organs. Each hormone has their different levels and special effects on their “specific target tissue, organs or system” but all of them are secreted to blood by endocrine gland. About spermatogenesis, this is the process of creating spermatozoa from the spermatogonia. After mitosis process, spermatogonia will become primary spermatocytes. [...]
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