Global Politics and Institutions, Globalization
Globalization refers to the process of increasing connectivity between geographically distant places as well as the interdependence of both trade and the financial markets. The drive behind calls for globalization is that it encourages healthy competition as between producers and drives progress as between all trading countries. Globalization can take three forms: Globalization of markets and that of production. Globalization of markets means eliminating barriers that limit cross border trade between countries or trading blocs. Globalization of production refers to the breakdown of the production process such that different components are produced in different countries. This is done in the situation where the comparative advantages in manufacturing said component are high. Globalization of financial markets refers to the integration of financial systems between countries to achieve unrestricted flow of capital-seen in the trade in financial securities-between the member states.
In defining politics and, by extension, understanding what global politics is, we should first separate as between politics and governance. The purpose of this clarification is to separate between an emerging term of global governance, which is used incorrectly in reference to global politics. Governance typically refers to managerial functions of controlling, coordinating, directing, and planning. Therefore, it is associated with proper legislations and policy - engineering by relevant authorities that help constitute proper administration by a government in power.
[...] Globalgovernanceconsiders the impact and influence of non-governmental organizations, scientificactors, and trans-national companies. The termsuggests that an analysis on international interactions is doneseparately from otherlevels of socialinteraction. Global governance assumes world politics as a multi-level system in which all local, regional/state, national/federal and global political processes are interlinked. That, international relations traditionally is associated with power play and role of advocacy networks as instigators and sustainers of politics beyond the state. Global governance recognizes the existence and interactions between various forms of governance in which none is superior to the others. [...]
[...] In defining politics and, by extension, understanding what global politics is, we should first separate as between politics and governance. The purpose of this clarification is to separate between an emerging term of global governance, which is used incorrectly in reference to global politics. Governance typically refers to managerial functions of controlling, coordinating, directing, and planning. Therefore, it is associated with proper legislations and policy - engineering by relevant authorities that help constitute proper administration by a government in power. [...]
[...] & Litan, R Globaphobia: Confronting Fears About Open Trade. New York: Brookings Institution Press. Held, D. & McGrew, G.A Globalization/anti-globalization: beyond the great divide. London: Polity. Kennan, G.F American Diplomacy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Modelski, G Evolutionary Paradigmfor Global Politics. Washington DC: Universrity of Wahington Press. Rajan, S.C Global Politics and Institutions. [...]
[...] The Group Politics Model It refers to all other models in which policy formulation is according to a relatively structured list of citizen's preferences. The applicable assumption is that basic preferences are identical to all the households and that the market is perfectly competitive such that all factors earn same return when the market is at equilibrium. Efforts to account for cross-sectional variation, which is significantly absent under the first model constitutes the political economy of trade and reinforces the type of foreign relations policy as well as trade regimes a country adopts. [...]
[...] To this end, global political system is a summation of relevant historical, present and future policies and strategies. Through this, experimentation will occur naturally between alternative strategies until a time where, given the right conditions, a strategy will emerge, and be amplified throughout the system to produce new political systems such as local communities, regional political communities, trans-regional political communities (e.g. Biome Stewardship Council) and global polity.It is key to note that these complex systems are formulated with a view unto the future and will undergo a step-wise evolution from the current state as detailed by the experts who design such systems. [...]
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