Media systems, USA and China, Agencies, advertising industry
Media is an overall term used to identify the different types of mediums that enriches us with vital information and knowledge (Sarah, 2011). It is a flow of information running throughout the society in a form of print, visual and audio mediums known as newspaper (newsletters, magazines and tabloids), television, radio and the Internet. These mediums play significant roles in communicating to the general public as an audience as well as changing their perception. Agencies in the advertising industry have seized the opportunity giving out repetitive messages of a place or brand that promises to improve people's lives and make them better, suggesting cost saving plans, educating people about bank loans and investment opportunities, and suggesting cost effective medicines. In our everyday lives we witness how we rely on the different types of media to assist and change us in our day-to-day activities making information more accessible and convenient just at a click of a mouse or an arm stretch away.
The newspaper, also known as print media differs slightly to magazines, newsletters and tabloids. However, these mediums mainly showcase news, entertainment or advertisement related information to audiences. Newspapers have been around since the time of Julius Caesar in the form of government bulletins kick starting journalism and later giving way to radio as a medium of communication. Radio was a huge turning point in how information was relayed to the general public. It was the first form of communication medium that could transmit voice over a long distance. People depended and still depend on source of news and information from the radio. In World War I radio was widely used to send messages when the Germans realized that the British had tapped its cables. Moreover, radio has made itself the medium that people seek to find information about what is happening around the world. However, the coming of the television and the Internet took the world by storm.
[...] Decisions on what get broadcast are taken by the programming directors but sometimes the propaganda ministry will sift through the programs and make changes (Hua, 2013). The China Central Television which is state broadcaster is usually monitored carefully, while regional stations do not have a lot of monitoring. Censorship on television focuses on the reporting of news, reporting on sports has a lot of freedom without censorship. In 2009, historical and revolutionary dramas, propaganda shows were to use Mandarin or face immediate ban, however in 2010 on China's state television there have been surprises with the airing of V for Vendetta, an anti- authoritarian movie that encourages popular uprising against the government (The Guardian, 2012). [...]
[...] Moreover, the Internet censorship gone beyond blocking YouTube, Flickr, Twitter and Facebook in order to prevent sensitive issues from being accesses including Tiananmen, torture, Taiwan, and Falun Gong. There have been other prominent cases of censorship like Google v. China (Ford, 2010). Google claimed in January 2011 that the Chinese government had attempted to steal the code to break into Gmail accounts of human rights activist which further highlights how far the Chinese government is willing to go to censor information communicated by online users. The response of the United States to China's censorship of the Internet has been swift with U.S. [...]
[...] In this paper emphasis would be laid on the differences of media systems between the United States and China by examining the different types of media systems including Internet, Newspaper and Broadcasting. These differences in types of media system would be discussed to further understand how China and the United States differ on media systems. Internet Censorship in China There are over 384 million users accessing the Internet in China with only a small portion of the online users having what it has to offer. [...]
[...] The main aim was to censor reporting of the war in Afghanistan. Another instance of censorship can be seen when Secretary of State Colin Powell before the U.S. bombing in Afghanistan tried to persuade the Emir of Qatar to shut down Al-Jazeera for the fear that it was encouraging anti-American sentiments (White, 2001). Analysis of the impact of the differences in media systems between USA and China The different types of media systems in the USA and China have revealed a great deal of information pertaining information censorship and the methods both governments are undertaking. [...]
[...] These protections include the Internet with little government filtering of information. The United States between January and June 2011 was ranked 26th in terms of broadband speed of Internet connections with speeds averaging 4.93 Mbit/s (Kopytoff, 2011). However, Internet in the United States is considered extremely regulated by complicated legal mechanisms (Opennet, n.d). There have been debates on protecting children by policing the Internet of any illegal activities with main concern focusing on gambling and cyber security. Censorship in the United States is mainly focused on child pornography but with other sensitive information the content is removed rather than blocking an entire website with most content being censored at the voluntary or private levels. [...]
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