Differential and integral, ancient and middle ages
It is often said that the calculation was invented by two great mathematicians of the seventeenth century, Newton and Leibniz. "In fact, the calculation is the product of a long evolution that has not been started or completed by Newton and Leibniz" (COURANT, 2000, p.481). Its beginning dating from the seventeenth century BC. This season has Egyptian papyri and Babylonian cuneiform tablets that tells us how those civilizations treated certain measurement problems. One of the oldest documents of the history of mathematics is the Rhind papyrus.
It is an Egyptian papyrus in 1600 BC, he was the scribe Ahmes Copilado. In this document we found some mathematical results used in Ancient Egypt, as shown by Boyer (1978):
-The volume of a square pyramid was calculated as 1/3 of the rectangular prism volume.
-The area of a circle was obtained by a square whose side is 8/9 the diameter of the circle.
These rules were accepted, but without a rigorous proof for the same as today.
[...] du, the differential sum; It has also created the symbol an elongated S to indicate the sum of all the infinitesimal areas. Showed that y dx corresponds to an area and that d y dx = y dx, presenting them with inverse of Newton and Leibniz followed different lines in the creation of calculation. Despite the controversy that continues throughout history, the use of different ways to obtain the same theory, indicates that it was two developments independes. In the discoveries of Newton and Leibniz eighteenth century, the efforts of mathematicians focused on the development and applications of calculus. [...]
[...] The scientific activity of the eighteenth century "focused generally in the academies, of which stood out the Paris, Berlin and St. Petersburg. The university had a minor role or no "(STRUIK p.191). Politically, it is the era of enlightened despots: Frederick the Great; Catherine the Great; Louis XV and Louis XVI, who ruled the major European states. Some of these despots around him is learned men. This pleasure was a kind of intellectual snobbery, tempered by a certain understanding of the important role that the natural sciences and applied mathematics played in the modernization of manufacturing and increasing effectiveness of military force (STRUIK p.192). [...]
[...] Calculating differntial and integral: Calculating the ancient and middle ages CALCULATING THE FIRST CIVILIZATIONS It is often said that the calculation was invented by two great mathematicians of the seventeenth century, Newton and Leibniz. "In fact, the calculation is the product of a long evolution that has not been started or completed by Newton and Leibniz" (COURANT p.481). Its beginning dating from the seventeenth century BC. This season has Egyptian papyri and Babylonian cuneiform tablets that tells us how those civilizations treated certain measurement problems. [...]
[...] Education and Computers: Computers in school. São Paulo: Cortez BARON, Margaret E. history of mathematics Course: origins and development of calculus. Brasilia: UNB v. BICUDO, Maria AV Research in Mathematics Education: concepts & prospects. Sao Paulo: UNESP BOYER, Carl B. History of mathematics. Sao Paulo: Edgard Blücher COLLETTE, Jean-Paul. History of Mathematical them ed. Mexico: Siglo XXI COURANT, Richard. What is mathematics? Rio de Janeiro: Modern Science EVSE, Howard. [...]
[...] For such a result he used integration procedures. Figure Trajectory of a planet Source: Collette p To a circumference Kepler was a regular polygon of an infinite number of sides. A ball is considered to be comprised of a multitude of slender pyramids of vertices in the center of the sphere. As a result of these considerations, the circle area corresponds to a multitude of thin triangles, all of height equal to the circle radius. Therefore, the circle area is equal to the semi-finished product of the circumference by the radius. [...]
APA Style reference
For your bibliographyOnline reading
with our online readerContent validated
by our reading committee
