Globalization - Material Processes

Extract

[...] It is industrial upgrading and Greffi is concerned with this idea. What Greffi sustains is that a lot of it has to do with information and the brand company controls the global commodity chains to the extent that it is the one that is organizing this chain and has the needs and is in touch with the manufacture about the design. As you go along, the manufacture can learn over time what are the kind of product needed to manufacture those goods and you to provide them. [...]

[...] When it comes to economic globalization, you also have this opposition. You have a position who say that globalization is a good thing and that is flattened the world. They mean that is you remove restrictions to the flow of money across borders, investors will go look for those places in which workers are cheaper. If you can easily open a factory in Belgium as you do in Indonesia, you are going to hire Indonesian workers and pay them way less; it is going to equalize income in a global scale because the income of these workers is going to rise as a result because money can much more easily reach them. [...]

[...] What started in the late 1970's? The fact that you can have production in different parts of the world that is coordinated from one or different territories. Management can be physically removed from the side of production. It is the coordination of geographically dispersed economic activities that is characteristic of economic structures of globalization today. The concept often used to refer to this network in which management is removed from the location of production is global commodity chains. The guru of commodity changes is Gereffi who theorized this commodity changes and distinguishes commodity changes in which the manufacture controls everything (supply) and another one common for cheaper consumer goods and for that you have producers and long-standing arrangement with other actors, some of whom own factories and others are intermediaries. [...]

[...] Countries will try and create the best conditions for investors to come in and to do so they will reduce social rises. They must reduce the cost of investment and one way to do so is to make labor cheaper so reduce social protections for example or to reduce taxis on the movement of capital. Everybody is losing something. How does this work in practice? One mechanism that grew exponentially is export processing zones (different terms are used to express it). What are these zones and its characteristics? [...]

[...] If these are the new forms of organising economic activities in the world in coordinated networks well then, the world looks pretty much like a web. The centre of that web is China or South of Asia. This is changing with the pandemic, and other phenomenon. Are how did this hideaway happened in the course of 50 years to be found? Who benefits from it? The conventional wisdom about the industrial revolution in Great Britain in the 19th century is that it was physically sparked by the themed engine to transform the economy. [...]