Introduction to British Civilization

Extract

[...] After Brexit, the border between North and South will be not only a national but also an EU border. This has been the source of much disagreement which is likely to continue into the future. DEVOLUTION IN SCOTLAND AND WALES A regional assembly was set up in Wales and a regional parliament in Scotland at the same time as the Assembly in Northern Ireland. -Senedd. Cardiff -Holyrood. Edinburgh Devolution : a key election promise of the Labour Party in 1997. [...]

[...] Indeed Irish history is full of failed attempts to overthrow English and then British rule in the country. The 1916 Easter Rising was the first to prove successful in that it led to the War of Independence of 1919-1921, which resulted in the creation of a new independent state, the Irish Free State in 1922. ⑲ 1920 : Government of Ireland Act allowed for the creation of two juridictions in Belfast and Dublin : Parliament of Northern Ireland (dominated by Unionists throughout the 20th century) : Republic of Ireland proclaimed, but Northern Ireland remains in the United Kingdom. [...]

[...] Indeed Irish history is full of failed attempts to overthrow English and then British rule in the country. The 1916 Easter Rising 1534 Silken Thomas Rebellion 1569–73 First Desmond Rebellion 1579–83 Second Desmond Rebellion 1594–1603 Nine Years' War 1608 O'Doherty's Rebellion 1641 Irish Rebellion of 1641 1642–52 Irish Confederate Wars 1689–91 Williamite War 1798 Irish Rebellion of 1798 1799–1803 M Dwyer's Guerrilla campaign 1803 Irish Rebellion of Young Irelander Rebellion of Fenian Rising 1916 Easter Rising The 1916 Easter Rising although a failure in itself was so brutally repressed by the British that it acted as a catalyst, fuelling anti-British sentiment. [...]

[...] It has been suspended several times due to major disagreements between parties. The four main parties are : -Unionist parties : -DUP (conservative) -UUP (moderate) -Nationalist parties : -Sinn Fein (left wing) -SDLP (moderate) Stormont has been suspended several times due to major disagreements between parties. FOCUS ON IRELAND We saw that the UK as it exists today is a relatively new invention – it's less than a hundred years old Today, we'll be returning to a recent question : why is Ireland divided, with only the northern part still in the UK? [...]

[...] Over 3,500 people have died in Northern Ireland through sectarian violence since 1969. The British Army was called in o keep the peace, but soon became a pro-Protestant presence. One of the most notorious moments in the conflict was Bloody Sunday, (January 1972), when the British Army actually killed 13 British citizens during a peaceful demonstration in London. The Peace Process and the Good Friday/ Belfast Agreement Although by no means over (the two communities are still very much divided), the situation is much improved today, thanks to the peace process, which led in 1998 to the signing of the Good Friday (or Belfast) Agreement, which set up a new assembly (Stormont) where for the first time power was really shared between Protestants and Catholics. [...]