The world has become a challenge for geography: The World is a space, a territory under the control of a conglomerate. The World is a proper name designating an appropriate location; it can be taken as a geon i.e., a particular space, a region. The general geography has a thematic approach (studying the effects of a phenomenon) and an academic approach (studying law). The area is usually a subset of national space, and is of complementary regions, articulated with higher levels. But it also speaks of ‘world regions', which shows a lack of vocabulary to describe a subset world (e.g., Alena EU). If the world is a region that does not mean it is a subset (except when treating the earth as part of the solar system). The World is a plot of land: and identified and appropriate land. This discussion is recent: the term ‘world system' was invented by Olivier Dollfus in 1984 and incorporated in the Universal Geography Volume 1, Part 2, under the direction of O. Dollfus.
[...] The eastern limits of Europe changed: the ethnographer of Peter the Great, Tatichtchev, was instrumental in making the Ural Mountains a divisional boundary between Europe and Asia and for creating a border line of Russia to be integrated into Europe and for pushing the ‘barbaric' world to the east. This historical relativism can better understand why it is difficult to draw the boundaries of continents on a map and characterize parts of the world. This suited the beginning of the century and is more appropriate today. [...]
[...] For there to be mass consumption, we need mass production: the case of NE Brazil and the Caribbean with the plantation system (which existed in the East) of using mills, heavy investments, then slavery which became common from the seventeenth century. Strong economic growth in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth century encouraged emigration to the tropics, to temperate environments of the southern hemisphere (Argentina, South Africa, Australia) The effects of distance Distance is an essential element of pricing in the light of technological advances. [...]
[...] No "File globalization" in the geographical area, due in 1999. The World System Olivier Dollfus. New worlds. II. The World System. t of Universal Geography, BelinReclus MarieFrancoise Durand et al. Le Monde. Spaces and systems. Presses de Sciences PoDalloz Jean Meyer. Europe and conquer the world. Armand Colin Olivier Dollfus. The new world map. Puf. What do I know? No Michel Beaud. The changeover of the World. Discovery Some essential elements of reading schemes 1 The perspective centerperiphery Samir Amin. The accumulation worldwide. Anthropos Samir Amin. The uneven development. [...]
[...] Grataloup. G. Kebabdjian. P. Hugon and J. Levy. Globalization: the words and things planned for mid1999. A "system Old World" Christian Grataloup. Places of History. Reclus World markets and Industrial Revolution Paul Bairoch. Economic and Social History of the World sixteenth century to today. Volume 1. Folio Patrick Verley, globally. Essay on 1'industralisation West. Gallimard The zones Pierre Guru. Tropical countries. PUF Yves Lacoste. Geography of underdevelopment. PUF Olivier Dollfus. "The World System" in [...]
[...] The World System (social space) and Earth system (environment): With the idea of spatial interdependence, all territories were built according to the environment (the logic of autonomy). Today, we consider that there is a balance between the total Earth system and global world system in the context of globalization. A global society: Cultural: it is a fact in language (but not in poetry), music, and visual arts; Sport: the performances are globalizing but still occupy a nationalist immanence space. For S. [...]
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