Introduction
Beyond the occasional speech advocating its opening, even though it is true that a majority of the barriers have been removed since its establishment, the GATT (established in 1947) remains a desire to preserve the sensitive areas and promote the penetration of domestic products to international markets. Because protectionism does not reduce the establishment of barriers that would hinder imports, protectionism also involves the implementation of government measures that hinder the free entry and exit of domestic or international products. The introduction of measures prompts the occult or lesser market shares of outsiders.
Economic patriotism refers to a specific behavior of the consumer businesses and of the government that promotes goods or services that are produced within their nation or their group of nations. This is also known as business intelligence that serves the country and this attitude is also characterized by a protectionist attitude. Today, we even equate the emergence of the anti-globalization to some form of patriotism. There are several forms of protectionist measures and these are:
• the rights of the customs
• subsidies
• quantitative restrictions
• manipulation of exchange rates
• health standards and tariffs
According to Bernard Carayon ‘economic patriotism is a test for globalization.' He says that economic patriotism is based on three guiding principles:
•protecting our interests which is the legitimate role of the state after it identifies the important sectors of the economy
• the pooling of public and private strategies
• spread of the spirit of conquest
Tags: measures of protectionism, economic patriotism, guiding principles of economic patriotism
[...] The options that are available to the parties i.e. the different possible outcomes 4. Criteria of legitimacy, credibility to the applications made to the other party 5. Work on the relationship that establishes trust and respect between players 6. Communication: make sure that what we say is perceived and understood by the interlocutors 7. Commitment: we need to finish a discussion with a clear commitment to meet again and sign the agreement or continue the talks. An eights element is present in the negotiation process but is not stated above. [...]
[...] The behavior of Benjamin Netanyahu in 1996 illustrates this point. He authorized the opening of a tunnel along the Western Wall against the general opinion because he was anxious to preserve his authority and personal dignity even though the Israeli Prime Minister knew that this would only aggravate the conflict. I personally felt the weight of my personality in my last negotiation. I was a HBSB representative for a merger and was ready to sign with BPN while ignoring CLC when it abused its position and demanded an unreasonable share. [...]
[...] The solution lies in a calm reasoning rather than emotional negotiations. For example, Eliahu Sasson, the director of the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs during the armistice negotiations of Israel between 1948 and 49, knew the Bedouin when he initiated talks between Israel and Transjordan. After listening to the King for hours on issues that were peripheral to the conflict (which flatters the ego of the king and this is a way of acknowledging the personality of the speaker), he walked to the King and slid his hand under his belt. [...]
[...] It results in a relaxed atmosphere and a faster result. III. How can one understand the personality of the other? It is not easy to determine the personality of a man on the first meeting. Considering his personality in the process of a negotiation is a real advantage but this is not easily done. Nevertheless, there are many clues that reveal character traits of a person and it is on all these indices that a negotiator should base a discussion on. This will lead to a meaningful discussion. [...]
[...] This element is the inner personality of the negotiators. In this paper, we will look deeper into this element and explain why it is so important for the process of negotiation. We will demonstrate the benefits of taking this into account. Then we will see what means we can use to better understand the personality of our interlocutors. I. The eighth element of negotiation Theorists of negotiation Roger Fisher and William Ury identified seven key elements that determine a negotiation process. [...]
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