Game theory studies the behavior of individuals in situations of antagonism, and seeks to identify optimal strategies. Seemingly very different situations can sometimes be represented with similar incentive structures constituting all examples of the same game. Game theory is becoming an important branch of mathematics that from the year 1940, especially after the publication in 1944 of the Theory of games and economic behavior (Theory of Games and Economic Behavior) by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern .
These theories can be applied in many fields such diverse and varied as economics, sociology, politics ... In fact, game theory was an important tool in many events in history such as:
•the Cuban missile crisis ;
•the political constitution of convoys of ships in wartime;
•how to manage a surprise attack policy ( Nasser at Suez , de Gaulle in Quebec , Yeltsin during the coup, election advertisements ...) or marketing;
•the fight against terrorism .
[...] On both sides, it is essential to weaken the enemy, because it is a survival factor. In the short term, it is best to victims immediately, whether or not the enemy response. "Trench warfare differs from most other forms of combat, because it is exposed for long periods of two small units in areas that are still. The game was no longer a prisoner's dilemma at a stroke, in which the dominant choice was to shoot first in which conditional strategies are possible. [...]
[...] We asked experts to present their strategies for a succession of game play prisoner's dilemma, then contrasted the strategies to each other in a tournament, and it is the simplest strategy, that of give and who won. This strategy is to work initially to mimic the actions of the other player. Robert Axelrod's analysis shows that a good strategy is characterized by four qualities that ensure success. A good strategy has to be courteous: faced with a cooperative player, it is necessary to replicate. It must also be able to react in kind: against unsolicited hostile action, we must react. [...]
[...] (Peugeot is in a symmetrical situation, the same reasoning applies to the firm). If Renault is expected that Peugeot sets a high price, its best response is to set a low price because it will earn 700 million instead of 500 million francs (gain of a strategy of high prices). On the other hand if Renault Peugeot expects a fixed low price, its best response will be to set a low price. By not choosing a high price, it avoids losing money : Its gain is 300 instead of 100. [...]
[...] Strategic Management: Game Theory (2006) Overview Introduction to Game Theory 1. The different types of games and examples 2. The Main Theories • Nash equilibria • Give and Strategy • Theory of Negotiation 3. Applications of game theory to business Conclusion Introduction Game theory studies the behavior of individuals in situations of antagonism, and seeks to identify optimal strategies. Seemingly very different situations can sometimes be represented with similar incentive structures constituting all examples of the same game. Game theory is becoming an important branch of mathematics that from the year 1940, especially after the publication in 1944 of the Theory of games and economic behavior (Theory of Games and Economic Behavior) by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern . [...]
[...] Reach an agreement to share the surplus 3. Application of game theory to business Compared to the company, the theory of give and take is quite topical. In exchange for remuneration the employee agrees to perform work. However, in recent years, the salary is not the only motivation of the worker. The environment in which it operates, management, responsibilities are all aspects that ensure that the employee will feel good about the company. For example at Kelly Services, a lot of implications on the part of employees, whether in terms of additional hours of responsibilities were asked. [...]
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