In the beginning, pharmacists developed new products in their back shop. Industrialization started a century ago, with the universal exposition where scientists wanted to find new processes and develop their market. Moreover, the two World Wars led to significant growth in this particular market. Thus, following this improvement in the pharmaceutical industry, overall healthcare got better. It meets the demands for health, food, clothing and many others. Nowadays, Switzerland is one of the biggest pharmaceutical product producers all around the world. In fact, this industry has started thanks to the textile industry which needs a lot of artificial colorants. That is why, after a long time of colorant production, Switzerland has taken the opportunity to make pharmaceutical products. Thus, in in the first part we will present a brief outline about the Swiss chemical and pharmaceutical industry and in the second part we will analyze the sources of competitive advantages of this sector.
[...] That is important, is the fact that there is a strong collaboration between the academic and business sectors. That is ensures that most of this research are translated into marketable products and processes. Besides, the worldwide marketing is an integral part of the production of specific product. In fact, in 2007, the ten most important companies have spent 6.2 billion CHF, whereas in the time, their turnover was 2.5 billion CHF in Swiss. This gap can be filled if part of the sales profits made abroad is transferred to Switzerland. [...]
[...] 1997; 11(1):12-16. • Remiche Desterbecq H. Les brevets pharmaceutiques dans les accords du GATT: l'enjeu? Revue Internationale de Droit Economique (RIDE) 1/199 • Rozek R P. The consequences of pharmaceutical product patenting: a critique. World Competition. 1993; 16(3):91-106. • Subramanian A. Putting some numbers on the TRIPS pharmaceutical debate. International Journal of Technology Management (special issue on the management of international intellectual property) 1995; 10(2/3):252-268. [...]
[...] As a result, the chemical and pharmaceutical industry is the second largest industrial employer in Switzerland. That's why; this sector remains the key industry in Switzerland. II. Analysis of source of competitive advantage of the chemical and pharmaceutical sector in Switzerland Commonly, the economic theory says that the advantages of nations are: - Land - Location - Natural resources - Labor - Local population Withal, Porter emphasizes that the growth of the industry market can't be only a result of advantages it inherited from. [...]
[...] The chemical and pharmaceutical industry is a highly dynamic sector in Swiss. From 1980-2001 its production registered an average annual growth of while the other industry has only increased by Additionally, between 2007-2008 the Swiss medicine market grew by The chemical and pharmaceutical industry's share in total Swiss exports has continuously increased since 1980. The Swiss's exportations of pharmaceutical products have highly risen in 2007, generating more than 51 billion CHX and thus representing ΒΌ of all the exportation. Between 1980 and 2000, exportations by the chemical and pharmaceutical industry increased by an average of 13% annually, whereas, the annual export growth of all sectors was only about 10%. [...]
[...] But, the high time of chemical industry have started 50 years later, with French people who came to produce synthetic color. It's from 1884 that their firm is known as " Chemische Industrie in Basel “(CIBA). Then, from 1885 that the production of medicine has started. In 1886, two collaborators of these companies, the chemist Alfred Kern and the Edward Sandoz have created Kern and Sandoz firm. This is the histories which form Novartis in 1990. Iit's in 1896, that Jerry Hoffmann-La Roche has created his firm which was specialized in pharmaceutical product, Roche firm. [...]
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