France has a high rate of unemployment since the 1970s, although the unemployment figures began to increase in the 1940s. Unemployment existed before, but its low level was not one an important part of social debates and economic life of the country.
With the oil shocks of the 1970s, which coincided with the end of the economic catch vis-à-vis the United States (period of the Thirty Glorious), unemployment remains at a high level until the mid-2010s - around 10 %.
Measured under the ILO and Euro stat according to interpretation, the unemployment rate was 10.6% in the third quarter of 2012 in metropolitan France and overseas departments. All categories Unemployment is more than 5 and a half million people, or 18.5% 4. Some economists trying to assess hidden unemployment, there are more than 8.5 million people unemployed and working poor casual.
The unemployment rate in France for less than 25 years was 22.7% in the second quarter of 2012, according to Insee (statistical and economic institute), and 25.7% in the fourth. Passing through a period of unemployment is common at the end of the school curriculum (18% of young people who leave the school system must first pass through the employment center, says a study CEREQ dating from 2010).
[...] • act on business start-ups, including the unemployed; encourage the installation of foreign companies • act on the deaths of enterprises; • provide training to unemployed supposed to give the opportunity to practice trades where there are shortages; • reduction or cancellation of social security contributions on low wages, which in the presence of too high a minimum wage, labor costs were at an unacceptably high level and played as a barrier to hiring less productive workers. Moreover, successive governments have conducted a "social treatment" of unemployment: • soften the condition of the unemployed by various social measures to make the situation more bearable unemployed (Christmas bonus, reduced admission to museums and sports equipment costs . ) References and Bibliography National Employment Agency, OECD, EEU websites, the Ministry of Economy and Finance Courses in economics, statistics agencies: INSEE, FIFG the newspapers and television news. Knowledge in macroeconomic approach. Google website. [...]
[...] Regional disparities Measuring unemployment at regional level shows wide disparities. In 2005, the three regions of the European Union that have the highest unemployment Reunion, Guadeloupe and French Guiana (respectively and 24.8 Taking into account the overseas departments in the calculation of the unemployment rate in France is the rates of (metropolitan France) spend According to INSEE, the regions of France where the unemployment rate is the lowest (average quarterly data-CVS) are in first quarter 2011 • Britain • Pays de la Loire • Alsace; • Auvergne; • Limousin; • Île-de-France Regions of metropolitan France where the unemployment rate is the highest (average quarterly CVS-data) are in the first quarter 2011; • Languedoc-Roussillon • Nord-Pas-de-Calais • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur • Picardie 11% Unemployment and employment rates by age According to the Statistical Office of the European Communities Eurostat, with an employment rate of for those aged 55-64 in 2006, France remains well below the average for the European Union A target of 50% by 2010 was set by the EU. [...]
[...] In November 2007, INSEE has developed its methodology to stick to the interpretation of Eurostat. Is "unemployed" person of working age (16 or older) who is? • Unemployed (did not work even one hour during the reference week); • Actively seeking employment; • Available in two weeks. A second definition of unemployment exists, the Pole employ: Is a "jobseeker" an unemployed person who, in France, is registered at employment center. The Government, when providing unemployment figures, speaks only registered Class A (Pole employ). [...]
[...] Dualism in the labor market (against precarious CDI) amplifies the adjustment of supply and demand for labor. Indeed, in times of crisis, company's first defeat of the least protected jobs (trainees, temporary, fixed-term contracts . Government measures against unemployment Different forms of action With the significant increase in the number of unemployed in the early 1970s, the state has intervened directly (itself) or indirectly (through other agents, including local authorities) so increasing "against unemployment The target of the action as the means were very diverse: global action or a subpopulation considered particularly affected ("young" seniors, non-graduates, long-term unemployed, etc . [...]
[...] Unemployment and employment rates by age According to the Statistical Office of the European Communities Eurostat, with an employment rate of for those aged 55-64 in 2006, France remains well below average and listed the ways of improvement. More generally, unemployed organizations and some leftist parties regularly contest the relevance of these figures. While official figures were documenting between 2.4 and 3.9 million unemployed according to the categories in March 2009, the National Committee to Combat and defense unemployed CGT talking about 5 million actually. In December 2009, employment center totals 4,688,000 registered unemployed all categories combined and CGT identifies 325,000 unemployed over 57 years, being "exempt from job search," not classified in any category. [...]
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