Charles Dickens: biography and his contribution to literature

Charles Dickens is one of the greatest novelists in the English language, a genius of fiction who has captivated generations of readers with his emotional and realistic stories. Born in 1812 into a modest family, he lived through the poverty and hardships of daily working-class life, experiences that informed his work. He began his career writing articles for newspapers and magazines and quickly emerged as one of the most important Victorian novelists with works such as 'Oliver Twist', 'David Copperfield', 'Bleak House ”, “ Great Expectations ” and “ Our Mutual Friend ”. His sharp pen and ability to accurately describe the social problems of his time, such as poverty, inequality, and injustice, made him an influential social commentator and advocate for the most disadvantaged. Even today, his works continue to captivate readers with their wealth of colourful characters, their sense of humour, and their moving realism.

But how did Charles Dickens' childhood impact his future works? What were his greatest works and why? And finally, what impact did his works and message have on literature?

Armed with this question, we will ask how Charles Dickens' experiences in working-class life informed his novels and how this influenced his role as a social commentator and defender of the most disadvantaged. In the Victorian era and his contribution to literature?

1) The Childhood of Charles Dickens and its influence on his work

A. Description of Charles Dickens's childhood, marked by poverty and financial difficulties

Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812, in Landport, near Portsmouth in England. His family was relatively poor, and he experienced financial difficulties from childhood. His father was a clumsy civil servant who ended up in debt and imprisoned for debt. As a result, Charles was forced to quit school and work to support his family. He worked as an office worker and a labourer in a candle wax factory. These experiences were very difficult for him, but they also fuelled his imagination and inspired many of his characters and stories.

B. Analysis of how these experiences influenced his vision of society and the condition of the working classes

The experiences of Charles Dickens during his childhood and adolescence considerably influenced his vision of society and the condition of the working classes. He witnessed the poverty and social injustice of his time and this prompted him to describe in his works the difficult living conditions of workers and the poor. He has often featured characters struggling to survive in a world where the rich and powerful are indifferent to their fates. He exposed social inequalities, injustices and abuses in his literature, highlighting the harmful consequences of these systems on individuals and communities. He was also an advocate for education and the emancipation of the working classes, fighting for children to have access to a decent education and opportunities to succeed. He used his writings to challenge readers to the social issues of his time and helped raise public awareness of social inequalities and injustices in Victorian society. It also inspired many future authors and artists to continue exploring these themes in their own work.

2) Contribution of the most important works of Charles Dickens to literature

A. Presentation of the most important works of Charles Dickens, such as " Oliver Twist ", " David Copperfield ", " Bleak House " and " Great Expectations “

Oliver Twist is a novel serialised from 1837 to 1839. It tells the story of Oliver, a mistreated orphan who manages to escape misery and injustice to find a better life. The novel describes working-class living conditions in 19th-century London, highlighting the issue of poverty, crime, and child abuse. It is considered one of Dickens' most important novels and had a considerable impact on the public opinion of its time.
David Copperfield is an autobiographical novel serialised from 1849 to 1850. It tells the story of the life of David Copperfield, from his childhood through his adult life, including his experiences at school and in apprenticeship and his struggle to become a writer. The novel is considered one of Dickens' most personal and there are many similarities between David Copperfields’ experiences and those of the author himself. It realistically depicts the living conditions of the time and social and family relationships while exploring themes such as identity, love, and resilience.
Bleak House is a novel serialised from 1852 to 1853. It tells the story of several characters linked to a long and complex trial. This novel highlighted the problems of injustice and corruption in British justice in the 19th century. It is also considered a social critique of the living conditions of the time, describing the poor housing and working conditions, poverty, and illnesses that affected the working classes. The novel is also famous for its complex and innovative narrative style, using multiple viewpoints and first- and third-person storytelling techniques to depict events.
Great Expectations is a novel serialised between December 1860 and August 1861. It tells the story of a young boy named Pip, who lives in rural England. He meets a mysterious woman who offers for him to become a gentleman, and he realises that his life will change forever. The novel explores the theme of ambition, guilt, redemption, and personal growth. It has been adapted many times for theatre and film.

B. Contribution of Charles Dickens to literature

His contribution to literature is considerable. He popularised the social novel and paved the way for many other writers who tackled similar themes. He also contributed to the growth of children's literature. He is considered one of the most influential authors in the English language today, and his works are still widely read and studied around the world.
Finally, the work of Charles Dickens and his message had a considerable impact on French literature. His novels were translated into French as soon as they were published and were widely read and appreciated in France. His social themes and critique of Victorian society inspired many French writers, as did his style of storytelling and his ability to create memorable characters. He remains a popular and influential author in France today, and his works continue to be studied and appreciated in the literary world.

In conclusion, the experiences of Charles Dickens during his childhood and adolescence considerably influenced his vision of society and the condition of the working classes. He witnessed the poverty and social injustice of his time, and this prompted him to describe the difficult living conditions of workers and the poor in his works. He often portrayed characters struggling to survive in a world where the rich and powerful are indifferent to their fate. He used his writings to challenge readers to the social issues of his time, helping to raise public awareness about social inequalities and injustices in society. It also inspired many future authors and artists to continue exploring these themes in their own work.