Grey cotton fabrics

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Grey cotton fabrics

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Abstract

Although the synthetic fibers have dominated the textile market, consumers still have a preference towards cotton. Today cotton can be manufactured but the natural merits obtained in cotton cultivated in different areas of the country cannot be underestimated. A number of research studies report on the chemical modification of cotton using various types of agents. In this regard, the present study considers the affect of reducing agent on the fabrics properties. The starting material was 20's single sheeting fabric producing normally in most acceptable widths. The fabric was desized, scoured, bleached before dyeing with vat dyes. During dyeing hydrose and glucose were used as reducing agent. The fabric was tested for drape coefficient, tearing strength, bending length and grease recovery from grey to dyed state using standard methods as prescribed by IS Hand book.

Abstract
Chapter 1
1. Introduction
2. Desizing
3. Scouring
4. Bleaching
5. Dyeing
Chapter 2
1. Objective of this study
Chapter 3
1. Introduction
2. Materials
3. Methods
4. Testing
Chapter 4
1. Discussions and results
Chapter 5
1. Conclusions

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[...] Grey fabric are almost water repellant and will not easily take up the desizing solution. Therefore the fabric is steeped in boiling water bath before desizing, and then fabric is taken to the desizing bath. The method of desizing can be classified into: 1. Hydrolytic desizing viz. rot steeping, acid steeping and enzymatic steeping Oxidative desizing viz. treatment with chlorine, chlorite and bromite SCOURING: Even after desizing the grey fabric contain fats and waxes, these impurities are therefore removed in this scouring process. [...]

[...] The conditioning parameters are temperature and humidity Determination of geometrical properties: Thread spacing: The parameter is defined the average distance between two consecutive threads in a fabric. It is calculated as per IS: 1963-1969. Ends per inch and picks per inch are measured using densimeter. The average of many observations selected randomly is reported as the final value which is later converted to threads per inch was expressed in centimeters Yarn count: Yarn count was determined and 10 readings were taken, the average of which is English count as per IS: 1915 which is then converted to tex count using the formula: Tex = 590.5 ( 3.1 ) Fabric weight per sq. [...]

[...] Heavy varieties of cotton trouser are still dyed with cheaper substitution such as cheaper and are applied to cellulosic fibers reduction with hydrose, because these contain substance such as hydrogen sulphide. These are waste products which are discharged in the lakes cause environmental pollution. The objectives of this study are as follows: To give an idea about the replacement the replacement of hydrose by reducing sugar that is glucose both are negative. As the concentration of hydrose decreases the negative value of redox potential of reducing sugar is found to be near to that of hydose. [...]

[...] The trend is in agreement with the theoretical and practical consideration effect on tearing strength: There is an increase in tearing strength value compare to grey and dyed fabric in both ways. Their is much increase in warp way than in weft way. Higher values of tearing strength in warp is attributed to fabric construction effect on bending length: Warp and weft bending length values decreased initially but increased later to register an overall increase in the value from that of grey6 fabric to dyed fabric in both ways following chemical processing reasons are as explained in the table effect on crease recovery: Sharp reduction in crease recovery value is an important finding in present investigation. [...]

[...] Open kier, vomiting type kier, kier boiling are generally used for scouring operation BLEACHING: Scouring process removes waxes and other impurities leaving the material in a very absorbent condition, but the natural coloring material is still present in the cloth and has a creamy appearance. Hence bleaching is necessary to decolorize the natural coloring matter from the yarn of the fabric. Bleaching is done either using dilute hypochlorite at room temperature or by using hydrogen peroxide solution at 80 850 C or using sodium chlorite solution at boil. [...]

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